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Westdahl

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Leaflet U.S. Department of the Interior | U.S. Geological Survey | Policies

Facts

  • Official Name: Westdahl Peak
  • Seismically Monitored: Yes
  • Color Code: GREEN
  • Alert Level: NORMAL
  • Elevation: 1560m (5118ft)
  • Latitude: 54.5171
  • Longitude: -164.6476
  • Smithsonian VNum: 311340
  • Pronunciation:
  • Nearby Towns:
    • Akutan 52 mi (84 km) SW
    • False Pass 55 mi (88 km) NE
    • Pauloff Harbor 78 mi (126 km) SE
    • Unalaska 88 mi (142 km) SW
    • Cold Bay 89 mi (144 km) NE

    Distance from Anchorage: 710 mi (1143 km)

  • Subfeatures:
    • Pogromni
    • Faris Peak
    • Pogromni's Sister

Description

From Miller and others (1998) [1] : "Westdahl Peak, including nearby Faris Peak and Pogromni volcano, is located on a gently sloping plateau (mean elevation 1220 m) that may represent the surface of a truncated ancestral cone. Westdahl Peak is about 18 km in diameter at the base.
"The size of the postulated ancestral cone is about 19 x 30 km at sea level, making it one of the largest volcanoes in the Aleutian Islands be it a stratovolcano or a shield. The entire ancestral cone has been extensively dissected by erosion, with the northeast-facing slopes steeper and of greater relief than the other slopes.
"Based on the degree of erosional dissection, most of the postulated stratovolcano must have formed before early post-glacial time. Pogromni Volcano is moderately dissected and has broad valleys that have probably been glacially eroded. Such glacial erosion could have occurred during neoglaciation beginning about 3000 years ago (Black, 1974 [2] , table 1), although one or two thousand years seem inadequate to account for the degree of dissection. Pogromni volcano was probably active by latest Pleistocene time, which implies that truncation of the ancestral stratovolcano must have occurred earlier."

Name Origin

Westdahl Peak was named in 1902 by O.H. Tittmann, for Ferdinand Westdahl of the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, who determined its geographic position in 1901 (Orth, 1971).

References Cited

[1] Catalog of the historically active volcanoes of Alaska, 1998

Miller, T. P., McGimsey, R. G., Richter, D. H., Riehle, J. R., Nye, C. J., Yount, M. E., and Dumoulin, J. A., 1998, Catalog of the historically active volcanoes of Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-0582, 104 p.

[2] Late-Quaternary sea level changes, Umnak Island, Aleutians: their effects on ancient Aleuts and their causes, 1974

Black, R. F., 1974, Late-Quaternary sea level changes, Umnak Island, Aleutians: their effects on ancient Aleuts and their causes: Quaternary Research, v. 4, n. 3, p. 264-281.

Current Activity

No new updates for Westdahl volcano since May 13, 2024, 3:43 pm.

Recent Updates

Color Code Timeline

Reported Activity

Modern Eruptions

Gareloi

Gareloi Eruption Timeline

Gareloi 1760

1760

Grewingk (1850, translated 2003 by Fritz Jaensch), pg. 121, states Gareloi was active in 1760. Page 122 states that Gareloi was smoking in 1760.

Gareloi 1790

1790

Grewingk (1850, translated 2003 by Fritz Jaensch) states that Sarychev passed Gareloi on the twenty-fourth of September, 1790 and on June 17, 1791 and described Gareloi as a "very tall, snow-covered, fire-belching mountain." It is uncertain if an eruption was observed on either or both of these occasions. The English translation of Sarychev (translated from Russian in 1806 and 1807, republished 1969) makes no mention of "fire-belching" and instead simply states that Gareloi was covered in "eternal snow." Coats (1950): reports minor explosive activity at Gareloi in 1790. Petroff (1884), Becker (1898), and Dall (1870) make no mention of this dubious eruption.
Sauer's account (1802) of the same voyage that Sarychev was on does mention Gareloi on the 24th of September, 1790, and June 17, 1791, but makes no mention of volcanic activity.

Gareloi 1791

1791

Coats (1950): minor explosive activity at Gareloi in 1791. Grewingk (1850, translated 2003 by Fritz Jaensch) states that Sarychev passed Gareloi on the twenty-fourth of September, 1790 and on June 17, 1791 and described Gareloi as a "very tall, snow-covered, fire-belching mountain." It is uncertain if an eruption was observed on either or both of these occasions. Petroff (1884), Becker (1898), and Dall (1870) make no mention of this eruption.

Gareloi 1792

1792

Grewingk (1850, translated 2003 by Fritz Jaensch): Gareloi "belching fire until the end of May" and smoking during 1792.

Gareloi 1828

1828 — 1829

Grewingk (1850, translated 2003 by Fritz Jaensch): Gareloi smoking during 1828. Grewingk (1850, translated 2003 by Fritz Jaensch) also states that Gareloi was smoking during 1829. Miller and others (1998) combined these citations to make one eruption from 1828 until 1829. Simkin and Siebert (1994) reference only the 1829 eruption.

Gareloi 1873

1873

Becker (1898) reports Gareloi active in 1873.

Gareloi 1922

1922

Coats (1950) reports a major explosive eruption at Gareloi in 1922.

Gareloi 1927

1927

Jaggar (1927) writes that Gareloi is "always fuming." and Jaggar (1928) writes that he visited Gareloi and Bogoslof volcanoes and that Gareloi was "sending up dense yellow fumes from its summit crater-cup."

Gareloi 1929/4

April 1929 — 1930

Coombs and others (2008) provide information about the 1929 eruption as follows: "The 1929 eruption is the largest historical eruption of Gareloi and also unique in its eruptive style and composition. The most detailed description of the eruption is given by oats (1959) who summarized the first-hand observations of William H. Dirks, Sr. (Coats, 1959; p. 2): 'In April of 1929, there was an eruption. A terrible quake * * * split the mountain from its crater right to the beach. Ashes fell, completely covering their cabins and boats* * * '
"Coats further elaborated on the series of events from observations of the deposits, which were 17 years old when he visited the island and still unmodified either by vegetation or further eruptive activity. According to Coats, the eruption excavated 13 explosion craters, ranging in diameter from 80 to 1,600 m, along a 4.3-km-long, south-southeast trending fissure [see figs. 5 and 7 in original text]. On the basis of work by Coats (1959) and our fieldwork, the eruption began with formation of the current South Peak crater and a possible directed blast to the south. Following this, an explosive eruption covered the southern half of the island in several meters of tephra fall [see fig. 8 in original text]. At this time, the upper craters were excavated. Small pyroclastic flow deposits are interbedded with tephra-fall deposits, indicating that pyroclastic flows accompanied tephra fall.
"During the second half of the eruption, the composition of the juvenile clasts in the fall deposits became more mafic; craters formed lower on the flank, and small lava flows effused from them. Sometime after explosive activity ceased, debris flows from the summit carried hydrothermally altered blocks down the volcano's southern slope.
"The eruption's total volume is unknown, as much of the ejecta were deposited offshore. Onland pyroclastic deposits represent about 16,000 cubic m, and that of lava is about 2,500 cubic m."

Miller and others (1998), also summarize Coats (1956): "In April of 1929, a phreatic eruption opened an elongate crater 1600 m in maximum diameter just below the southern summit; further explosions produced 12 smaller craters aligned along a south- to southeast-trending fissure. Glassy pumice, lapilli, scoria, and accidental rocks were then ejected from the lower craters, blanketing an area roughly 2.5 by 5 km on the southeast slope. Ash layers up to 2 m thick on Ogliuga Island, located about 16 km southeast, may be attributable at least in part to this eruption (Coats, 1956, p. 92) and several centimeters of pyroclastic debris are known to have fallen on Atka Island (about 300 km eastward) during the event. Extrusion of lava, which formed short steep flows, occurred at four sites along the fissure after the tephra eruptions. Various metallic oxides and halides (including atacamite, paratacamite and hematite) were deposited in several of the lower craters. Activity may have continued into 1930.
"Juvenile material erupted in 1929 may be significantly more siliceous than the older basaltic or basaltic andesite rocks. The lava was apparently highly viscous and generally formed blocky, vesicular, or scoriaceous flows, one of which is 75 m wide and 15 m thick. Orthopyroxene, brown hornblende, plagioclase (average composition about An48), and clinopyroxene were observed in lava flows and pyroclastics of the 1929 eruption (Coats, 1959, p. 254-255)."

Finch (1931): "Gareloi volcano, a peak 5,334 feet high far to the west in the Aleutian Islands, was very active during the spring and summer of 1930. The appearance of half of the island was said to be changed by lava flows from fissures, and a hut was destroyed belonging to fox farmers."

Jaggar (1932): "Gareloi in the western Aleutians was said to erupt so violently in 1930 as to change its appearance by lava flows from fissures."

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Gareloi 1950

1950 — 1951

Jones (1951) reports that minor ash showers and fume emissions occurred during 1951 from Gareloi. Simkin and Siebert (1994) report that this eruption began in 1950 and continued until 1951. Jones (1952) reports that Gareloi was "weakly active during 1950," and "quieter during 1951."
A May 3, 1950 Fairbanks Daily News article suggests that at least some of this activity was not an eruption: "Rear Admiral F.D. Wagner, USN, commander, Alaskan sea frontier, has received information from a naval vessel, the USS Bagaduce, that the volcano on Gareloi island, about 60 miles west of Adakin the Aleutians appears to be active. The Bagaduce sighted large vapor clouds rising to seven thousand feet and drifting southeast at that level."

Gareloi 1952/1

January 17, 1952

Jones (1952) reports that on January 17th, 1952, "a column of grayish-brown fume was rising from the crater on the summit of Gareloi volcano."

Gareloi 1980/8

August 7, 1980 — September 17, 1980

Coombs and others (2008) summarize the 1980 eruption: "On August 8, the crew of a Northwest Orient Airlines plane spotted a plume of ash that rose 35,000-40,000 ft above sea level (Anchorage Times, August 16, 1980, p. A3). David Evans of the USGS reported earthquakes whose epicenters were west of the Adak seismic network on August 8 and 9. Ash fall was not reported at Adak. Cloud cover mostly obscured further observations after August 10, although a photograph of the summit from August 13 shows a light-gray plume rising from the North Peak crater [see fig. 9 in original text]. Evans said, 'As far as we know, there was no lava eruption' (Anchorage Times, August 16, 1980, p. A3). On August 10, airborne stratospheric sampling detected ash and elevated sulfate concentrations between 54 degrees N and 60 degrees N and 150 degrees W (about 2,000 km away) at an altitude of 63,000 ft asl (Sedlacek and others, 1981). On the basis of wind direction and NOAA-6 satellite imagery, the plume was a plausible product of the August 8 eruption (Sedlacek and others, 1981). The Smithsonian reported renewed ash emissions to 6 km asl in September 1980."

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Gareloi 1982/1

January 15, 1982

From Miller and others (1998): "On January 14, 1982, a magnitude 3.2-3.3 earthquake struck the area; the following day, January 15, a 7-9 km eruption cloud was observed on satellite imagery (Smithsonian Institution, 1982)."
Smithsonian Institution (1982), SEAN v. 07, n. 02: "02/82 (SEAN 07:02) Large plume seen on satellite imagery

Gareloi 1987/9

September 4, 1987

From Miller and others (1998):"On September 4, 1987, a commercial pilot observed a narrow flow-like feature on the east flank that extended from the north crater rim at 1500 m altitude down to at least 1100 m, below which it was obscured by clouds. Steam rose 100 m above the flow (?) and the crater was vigorously steaming (Smithsonian Institution, 1987)."
Coombs and others (2008) note "A similar feature was observed from afar during field work in 2003 but we were unable to determine whether it was lava or debris flow."

Gareloi 1989/8

August 17, 1989

From Reeder (1992): "At 1430 on August 17, 1989, Evan Klett of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife observed from the Reeve Aleutian Airways Inc. 727 Boeing Jet, flying from Shemay Island to Adak Island, a grayish to black tephra plume that was about 700 m above the northern near summit crater of Gareloi volcano. The plume covered the top of the 400 m by 260 m near summit crater, which prevented Evan from seeing into the crater. The tephra plume was definitely originating from the summit crater."

Gareloi 1996/9

September 27, 1996

From the Smithsonian Institution (1996): "On 27 September the Aviation Weather Unit in Alaska received a pilot report of a minor eruption of ash and steam at Gareloi. The plume reportedly rose to 1,500 m altitude but was not visible on infrared satellite imagery suggesting it may have not ascended that high. As late as 5 December AVO had learned of no further sightings of activity at Gareloi."

Gareloi 2013/7

July 30, 2013

From Dixon and others (2015): "In July and August [2013], AVO duty personnel responded to observations from a USFWS crew conducting ornithology work on Gareloi Island. The initial reports were of 'tremors of a magnitude that were noticeable to crews working outside, moving around.' A check of the seismicity showed no unusual activity. The background activity at Gareloi, since seismic station installation in 2003, has been constant low-level seismicity consisting of low-frequency earthquakes at a rate of one per minute. In light of the 2008 evacuation of a USFWS crew at Kasatochi and the subsequent eruption of Kasatochi (Waythomas and others, 2010), AVO closely monitored seismicity at Gareloi during the late summer. Despite close scrutiny, no changes were noted in the seismicity, nor were there further observations of felt events. Although the cause of the felt earthquakes was not determined, the felt reports were forwarded to AVO offices a week after a July 7 ML=5.5 earthquake and aftershock sequence south of Gareloi. The felt reports did not include event timing, and the most plausible explanation is that the USFW crew felt regional earthquakes and not volcano-related seismicity.
"The USFW crew also noted 'steam coming from the extensive fumarole area on the west peak' on July 30. Although this was a single observation, the field crew additionally commented that the weather on July 30 was unusually clear and allowed for the observation of steaming (fig. 47 in original text). Steaming at fumaroles on Gareloi is routinely seen, with observations of steaming in 2003 and 2005 (Michelle Coombs, USGS/AVO, written commun., 2005)."

Gareloi 2018/06

June 1, 2018 — September 30, 2018

From Cameron and others, 2023: "The typical seismicity of Mount Gareloi is characterized by many low-frequency earthquakes that are commonly too small to be located by its seismic network, which comprises six stations on Gareloi Island and nearby Kavalga Island. Although the frequency of located seismic events varied in the past, seismicity at Mount Gareloi was fairly constant in recent years: 265 earthquakes were located in 2016 and 269 were located in 2017. In the summer of 2018, however, AVO located an anomalously high number of earthquakes, with 190 located in June and 178 in July. AVO then located 80 earthquakes in August and 77 in September before the volcano returned to typical activity levels in the fall. This period of increased activity was dominated by low-frequency earthquakes at depths of 5–15 km, which is typical for seismicity at Mount Gareloi. AVO paid close attention to the elevated seismicity rates but kept the Aviation Color Code and Volcano Alert Level at GREEN and NORMAL.
"In 2022, while retrospectively reviewing high-resolution satellite imagery of Mount Gareloi, AVO found a 2018 image showing an approximately 5-kilometer-long ash deposit extending north-northwest from the south fumarole field of the volcano. This image, taken by the WorldView-2 satellite on June 12, appears to record a previously unrecognized small ash emission (eruption). Satellite imagery acquired by Planet Labs PBC first shows the ash streak on June 6; the actual emission may have taken place on June 5."

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Gareloi 2021 unrest

May 18, 2021 — July 28, 2021

From Orr and others, 2024: "Beginning on May 18, 2021, anomalous seismicity was recorded at the Mount Gareloi. In particular, the low-energy LP events commonly observed at the volcano overlapped with a harmonic tremor recorded on every station on the island. The dominant tremor frequencies peaked at ~3.4 hertz (Hz), ~6.4 Hz, ~8.3 Hz, and ~10.7 Hz. These harmonic signals, which were intermittent during at least the previous day, became conspicuous after a regional ML 5.0 earthquake at 20:42 HADT on May 17 (05:42 UTC on May 18), though this change might be coincidental. Harmonic tremor took place intermittently until May 27, when highly frequent and highly energetic LP events emerged, sometimes merging into continuous broadband tremor. An ~2-Hz infrasound signal was also recorded locally on June 3, although it was unclear if the signal was of volcanic origin. A monochromatic, ~7 Hz seismic signal lasting 15-20 min was recorded on June 6, while elevated-amplitude seismicity, ongoing since about May 27, continued. Hence, on June 8, AVO raised the Aviation Color Code and Volcano Alert Level to YELLOW and ADVISORY. The increase in seismic activity likely reflected a change to the magmatic-hydrothermal system interaction. No indications of unrest, however, were observed by an AVO field crew that flew over the summit on May 23.
"Over the following two months, the elevated and anomalous seismicity continued intermittently; SO2 was detected in satellite imagery but was consistent with measurements from the last several years; light steaming was observed in partly cloudy satellite and webcam views of the volcano; and weakly elevated surface temperatures were sometimes observed in satellite data. No eruptive activity was observed in satellite views of the volcano and no activity was detected by local or regional infrasound sensors. Starting in the second week of July, seismic activity gradually diminished and returned to background levels. AVO lowered the Aviation Color Code and Volcano Alert Level to GREEN and NORMAL on July 28, 2021."

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Gareloi unrest 2024

February 12, 2024 — March 5, 2024

On February 12, 2024, at 1:10 PM AKST, AVO raised the alert levels at Gareloi to YELLOW/ADVISORY, stating: "Over the past several hours, AVO has detected an increase in seismicity at Mount Gareloi (Gareloi volcano) beginning at 09:15 AKST (18:15 UTC). The current activity marks a change in character above background rates...There have been no other notable changes at the volcano in satellite data or webcam views. Mount Gareloi persistently emits magmatic gases from a fumarole field on the south crater and commonly exhibits low-level seismic activity. These observations suggest the presence of shallow magma and potential interaction with a hydrothermal system. The current increase in seismicity likely reflects a change to the magmatic-hydrothermal system, but it is not clear that the likelihood of a volcanic eruption has increased."
In the week afterward, seismicity remained elevated, with numerous earthquakes and volcanic tremor. In the following week, seismicity did decrease somewhat, while remaining somewhat above background levels. Steaming was frequently observed, but this is not abnormal at Gareloi.
On March 5, 2024, AVO returned the alert levels to GREEN/NORMAL, stating that seismicity had returned to background levels.

Gareloi 1760

Gareloi 1790

Gareloi 1791

Gareloi 1792

Gareloi 1828

Gareloi 1873

Gareloi 1922

Gareloi 1927

Gareloi 1929/4

Gareloi 1950

Gareloi 1952/1

Gareloi 1980/8

Gareloi 1982/1

Gareloi 1987/9

Gareloi 1989/8

Gareloi 1996/9

Gareloi 2013/7

Gareloi 2018/06

Gareloi 2021 unrest

Gareloi unrest 2024

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TimelineJS

15 Event Date(s)

Past Activity Legend:
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Non-eruptive activity


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Map Images

Map References

Recently active volcanoes of Alaska, 2023

Cameron, C.E., Bull, K.F., and Macpherson, A.E., 2023, Recently active volcanoes of Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication 133 v. 6, 2 sheets. https://doi.org/10.14509/31086.

Historically active volcanoes of Alaska, v. 3, 2018

Cameron, C.E., Schaefer, J.R., and Mulliken, K.M., 2018, Historically active volcanoes of Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication 133 v. 3, 2 sheets. Http://doi.org/10.14509/30142

Historically active volcanoes of Alaska, 2014

Schaefer, J.R., Cameron, C.E., and Nye, C.J., 2014, Historically active volcanoes of Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication 133 v. 1.2, 1 sheet, scale 1:3,000,000. This publication has been superseded. Newest version available at http://www.dggs.alaska.gov/pubs/id/20181 .

Historically active volcanoes of the Aleutian Arc, 2002

Schaefer, Janet, and Nye, C. J., 2002, Historically active volcanoes of the Aleutian Arc: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication MP 0123, unpaged, 1 sheet, scale 1:3,000,000. Superceded by Miscellaneous Publication 133: http://www.dggs.dnr.state.ak.us/pubs/pubs?reqtype=citation&ID=20181

Volcanoes of Alaska, 1998

Nye, C. J., Queen, Katherine, and McCarthy, A. M., 1998, Volcanoes of Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Information Circular IC 0038, unpaged, 1 sheet, scale 1:4,000,000, available at http://www.dggs.dnr.state.ak.us/pubs/pubs?reqtype=citation&ID=7043 .
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC shelf

Volcanoes of Alaska, 1995

Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 1995, Volcanoes of Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Information Circular IC 0038, unpaged, 1 sheet, scale 1:4,000,000.

Aleutian arc volcanoes, 1994

Nye, C. J., 1994, Aleutian arc volcanoes: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Public-Data File PDF 94-54, unpaged, 1 sheet, scale 1:2,126,841.

Geothermal resources of the Aleutian Arc, 1993

Motyka, R. J., Liss, S. A., Nye, C. J., and Moorman, M. A., 1993, Geothermal resources of the Aleutian Arc: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Professional Report PR 0114, 17 p., 4 sheets, scale 1:1,000,000.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC shelf

Holocene volcanoes of the Aleutian Arc, Alaska, 1993

March, G. D., 1993, Holocene volcanoes of the Aleutian Arc, Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Public-Data File PDF 93-85, unpaged, 1 sheet, scale 1:2,000,000.

Map showing distribution, composition, and age of Late Cenozoic volcanic centers in Alaska, 1986

Luedke, R. G., and Smith, R. L., 1986, Map showing distribution, composition, and age of Late Cenozoic volcanic centers in Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map I 1091-F, unpaged, 3 sheets, scale 1:1,000,000.

Volcanic activity in the Aleutian Arc, 1950

Coats, R. R., 1950, Volcanic activity in the Aleutian Arc: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 0974-B, p. 35-49, 1 sheet, scale 1:5,000,000.
plate 1 PDF 819 KB
full-text PDF 783 KB
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC shelf

Reconnaissance of the gold fields of southern Alaska with some notes on general geology, 1898

Becker, G. F., 1898, Reconnaissance of the gold fields of southern Alaska with some notes on general geology: U.S. Geological Survey Annual Report 0018, p. 1-86, 6 sheets, scale unknown.
full-text PDF 1.5 MB
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

References

Deformation mapping and modeling of the Aleutian volcanoes with InSAR and numerical models, 2024

Wang, J., 2024, Deformation mapping and modeling of the Aleutian volcanoes with InSAR and numerical models: University Park, Tex., Southern Methodist University, Ph.D. dissertation, 143 p.
Full-text PDF 8.4 MB

From field station to forecast: managing data at the Alaska Volcano Observatory, 2024

Coombs, M.L., Cameron, C.E., Dietterich, H.R., Boyce, E.S., Wech, A.G., Grapenthin, R., Wallace, K.L., Parker, T., Lopez, T., Crass, S., Fee, D., Haney, M.M., Ketner, D., Loewen, M.W., Lyons, J.J., Nakai, J.S., Power, J.A., Botnick, S., Brewster, I., Enders, M.L., Harmon, D., Kelly, P.J., and Randall, M., 2024, From field station to forecast: managing data at the Alaska Volcano Observatory: Bulletin of Volcanology v. 86, 79. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-024-01766-0

Proximity to active volcanoes enhances glacier velocity, 2024

Mallalieu, J., Barr, I.D., Spagnolo, M., Mullan, D.J., Symeonakis, E., Edwards, B.R., and Martin, M.D., 2024, Proximity to active volcanoes enhances glacier velocity: Communications Earth & Environment v. 5, 679. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01826-5
Full-text PDF 1.3 MB

Recently active volcanoes of Alaska, 2023

Cameron, C.E., Bull, K.F., and Macpherson, A.E., 2023, Recently active volcanoes of Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication 133 v. 6, 2 sheets. https://doi.org/10.14509/31086.

Along-arc volcanism in the western and central Aleutian from 2015 to 2021 revealed by cloud-based InSAR processing, 2023

Wang, J., Lu, Z., Bekaert, D., Marshak, C., Govorcin, M., Sangha, S., Kennedy, J., and Gregg, P., 2023, Along-arc volcanism in the western and central Aleutian from 2015 to 2021 revealed by cloud-based InSAR processing: Geophysical Research Letters v. 50, no. 23, e2023GL106323. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL106323
Full-text PDF 3.9 MB

Alaska interagency operating plan for volcanic ash episodes, 2022

Alaska Volcano Observatory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Weather Service, Federal Aviation Administration, Department of Defense, United States Coast Guard, Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Management, Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation, and Alaska Department of Health and Social Services (participating agencies), 2022, Alaska interagency operating plan for volcanic ash episodes, 85 p.

The impact of ice caps on the mechanical stability of magmatic systems: implications for forecasting on human timescales, 2022

Lucas, L.C., Albright, J.A., Gregg, P.M., and Zhan, Yan, 2022, The impact of ice caps on the mechanical stability of magmatic systems: implications for forecasting on human timescales: Frontiers in Earth Science v. 10, article 868569, 10 p., https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2022.868569.

Geologic database of information on volcanoes in Alaska (GeoDIVA), 2022

Cameron, C.E., Crass, S.W., and AVO Staff, eds, 2022, Geologic database of information on volcanoes in Alaska (GeoDIVA): Alaska Division of Geologic and Geophysical Surveys Digital Data Series 20, https://doi.org/10.14509/geodiva, https://doi.org/10.14509/30901.

Quantifying eruptive and background seismicity, deformation, degassing, and thermal emissions at volcanoes in the United States during 1978-2020, 2021

Reath, K., Pritchard, M.E., Roman, D.C., Lopez, T., Carn, S., Fischer, T.P., Lu, Z., Poland, M.P., Vaughan, R.G., Wessels, R., Wike, L.L., and Tran, H.K., 2021, Quantifying eruptive and background seismicity, deformation, degassing, and thermal emissions at volcanoes in the United States during 1978-2020: Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, v. 126, e2021JB021684, doi: 10.1029/2021JB021684.

Goals and development of the Alaska Volcano Observatory seismic network and application to forecasting and detecting volcanic eruptions, 2020

Power, J.A., Haney, M.M., Botnick, S.M., Dixon, J.P., Fee, David, Kaufman, A.M., Ketner, D.M., Lyons, J.J., Parker, Tom, Paskievitch, J.F., Read, C.W., Searcy, Cheryl, Stihler, S.D., Tepp, Gabrielle, and Wech, A.G., 2020, Goals and development of the Alaska Volcano Observatory seismic network and application to forecasting and detecting volcanic eruptions: Seismological Research Letters, doi: 10.1785/0220190216 .

Historically active volcanoes of Alaska, v. 4, 2020

Cameron, C.E., Schaefer, J.R., and Ekberg, P.G., 2020, Historically active volcanoes of Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication 133 v. 4, 2 sheets. Http://doi.org/10.14509/30426

Field report for the collection of mafic tephra from the Aleutian Islands between Unimak and the Islands of Four Mountains (Alaska, USA), version 1.0, 2020

Plank, T., Rasmussen, D., Stelling, P., and Roman, D., 2020, Field report for the collection of mafic tephra from the Aleutian Islands between Unimak and the Islands of Four Mountains (Alaska, USA), version 1.0: Interdisciplinary Earth Data Alliance (IEDA), https://doi.org/10.26022/IEDA/111584. Accessed 2020-06-25.

The prevalence and significance of offset magma reservoirs at arc volcanoes, 2020

Lerner, A.H., O'Hara, D., Karlstrom, L., Ebmeier, S.K., Anderson, K.R., and Hurwitz, S., 2020, The prevalence and significance of offset magma reservoirs at arc volcanoes: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 47, doi:10.1029/2020GL087856.

The depths and locations of magma reservoirs and their consequences for the behavior of sulfur and volcanic degassing, 2020

Lerner, A.H., 2020, The depths and locations of magma reservoirs and their consequences for the behavior of sulfur and volcanic degassing: University of Oregon Ph.D. thesis, 378 p. Available at https://search.proquest.com/openview/cec1ff16af338dce2495b5a1a491aa88/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=44156.

A 25‐year history of volcano magma supply in the east central Aleutian arc, Alaska, 2020

Xue, Xueming, and Freymueller, J.T., 2020, A 25‐year history of volcano magma supply in the east central Aleutian arc, Alaska: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 47, no. 15, 7 p., https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL088388.

Field report for the collection of mafic tephra from the Aleutians Islands between Unimak and the Island of Four Mountains (Alaska, USA), version 1.0, 2020

Plank, T., Rasmussen, D. J., Stelling, P., and Roman, D. C., 2020, Field report for the collection of mafic tephra from the Aleutians Islands between Unimak and the Island of Four Mountains (Alaska, USA), version 1.0: Interdisciplinary Earth Data Alliance (IEDA). https://doi.org/10.26022/IEDA/111584

Catalog of earthquake parameters and description of seismograph and infrasound stations at Alaskan volcanoes - January 1, 2013, through December 31, 2017, 2019

Dixon, J.P., Stihler S.D., Haney, M.M., Lyons, J.J., Ketner, D.M., Mulliken, K.M., Parker, T., and Power, J.A., 2019, Catalog of earthquake parameters and description of seismograph and infrasound stations at Alaskan volcanoes - January 1, 2013, through December 31, 2017: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 1115, 92 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ds1115.

A unified catalog of earthquake hypocenters and magnitudes at volcanoes in Alaska: 1989 to 2018, 2019

Power, J.A., Friberg, P.A., Haney, M.M., Parker, T., Stihler, S.D., and Dixon, J.P., 2019, A unified catalog of earthquake hypocenters and magnitudes at volcanoes in Alaska—1989 to 2018: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2019–5037, 17 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20195037.

Bulk rock data for the central-eastern Aleutian volcanoes, version 1.0, 2019

Rasmussen, D.J., and Plank, T.A., 2019, Bulk rock data for the central-eastern Aleutian volcanoes, version 1.0: Interdisciplinary Earth Data Alliance (IEDA). https://doi.org/10.26022/IEDA/111870

Geochemistry of some Quaternary lavas from the Aleutian Arc and Mt. Wrangell, 2018

Nye, C.J., Beget, J.E., Layer, P.W., Mangan, M.T., McConnell, V.S., McGimsey, R.G., Miller, T.P., Moore, R.B., and Stelling, P.L., 2018, Geochemistry of some quaternary lavas from the Aleutian Arc and Mt. Wrangell: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Raw Data File 2018-1, 29 p. http://doi.org/10.14509/29843

The Alaska Volcano Observatory: 30 years of protecting Alaskans from the effects of volcanic activity (1988-2018), 2018

Mulliken, K.M., 2018, The Alaska Volcano Observatory: 30 years of protecting Alaskans from the effects of volcanic activity (1988-2018): Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Information Circular 67, 2 p. http://doi.org/10.14509/30032

The influence of tectonic environment on dynamic earthquake triggering: a review and case study on Alaskan volcanoes, 2018

Prejean, S.G., and Hill, D.P., 2018, The influence of tectonic environment on dynamic earthquake triggering: a review and case study on Alaskan volcanoes: Tectonophysics, v. 745, p. 293-304, doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2018.08.007.

2018 update to the U.S. Geological Survey national volcanic threat assessment, 2018

Ewert, J.W., Diefenbach, A.K., and Ramsey, D.W., 2018, 2018 update to the U.S. Geological Survey national volcanic threat assessment: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2018-5140, 40 p., https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5140/sir20185140.pdf.

The role of pore fluid pressure on the failure of magma reservoirs: insights from Indonesian and Aleutian Arc volcanoes, 2018

Albino, F., Amelung, F., and Gregg, P., 2018, The role of pore fluid pressure on the failure of magma reservoirs: insights from Indonesian and Aleutian Arc volcanoes: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 123, n.2, p. 1328-1349, doi: 10.1002/2017JB014523

Historically active volcanoes of Alaska, v. 3, 2018

Cameron, C.E., Schaefer, J.R., and Mulliken, K.M., 2018, Historically active volcanoes of Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication 133 v. 3, 2 sheets. Http://doi.org/10.14509/30142

Volcanic impacts on modern glaciers: a global synthesis, 2018

Barr, I.D., Lynch, C.M., Mullan, Donal, De Siena, Luca, and Spagnolo, Matteo, 2018, Volcanic impacts on modern glaciers: a global synthesis: Earth-Science Reviews, v. 182, p. 186-203, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2018.04.008.

Uncertainties in Estimating Magma Source Parameters from InSAR Observation, 2017

Gong, W., Lu, Z., Meyer, F., 2017, Uncertainties in estimating magma source parameters from InSAR observation: Natural Hazard Uncertainty Assessment: Modeling and Decision Support, Geophysical Monograph 223, p. 89-104.

Historically active volcanoes of Alaska, 2016

Cameron, C.E., and Schaefer, J.R., 2016, Historically active volcanoes of Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication 133 v. 2, 1 sheet, scale 1:3,000,000. http://doi.org/10.14509/20181

Computer aided detection of transient inflation events at Alaskan volcanoes using GPS measurements from 2005-2015, 2016

Li, J. D., Rude, C. M., Blair, D. M., Gowanlock, M. G., Herring, T. A., and Pankratius, V., 2016, Computer aided detection of transient inflation events at Alaskan volcanoes using GPS measurements from 2005-2015: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 327, p. 634-642.

Computer aided detection of transient inflation events at Alaskan volcanoes using GPS measurements from 2005–2015, 2016

Li, J.D., Rude, C.M., Blair, D.M., Gowanlock, M.G., Herring, T.A., and Pankratius, V., 2016, Computer aided detection of transient inflation events at Alaskan volcanoes using GPS measurements from 2005-2015: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 327, p. 634-642.

Alaska Volcano Observatory image database, 2016

Cameron, C.E., and Snedigar, S.F., 2016, Alaska Volcano Observatory image database: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Digital Data Series 13, https://www.avo.alaska.edu/images/. https://doi.org/10.14509/29689.

Measurement and interpretation of subtle deformation signals at Unimak Island from 2003 to 2010 using weather model‐assisted time series InSAR, 2015

Gong, W., Meyer, F. J., Lee, C. W., Lu, Z., and Freymueller, J., 2015, Measurement and interpretation of subtle deformation signals at Unimak Island from 2003 to 2010 using weather model‐assisted time series InSAR: Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, v. 120, n. 2, p. 1175-1194.

Historically active volcanoes of Alaska, 2014

Schaefer, J.R., Cameron, C.E., and Nye, C.J., 2014, Historically active volcanoes of Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication 133 v. 1.2, 1 sheet, scale 1:3,000,000. This publication has been superseded. Newest version available at http://www.dggs.alaska.gov/pubs/id/20181 .

Regional controls on volcano seismicity along the Aleutian Arc, 2014

Buurman, Helena, Nye, C.J., West, M.E., and Cameron, Cheryl, 2014, Regional controls on volcano seismicity along the Aleutian Arc: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, doi:10.1002/2013GC005101

2010 Volcanic activity in Alaska, Kamchatka, and the Kurile Islands - Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory, 2014

Neal, C.A., Herrick, J., Girina, O.,A., Chibisova, M., Rybin, A., McGimsey, R.G., and Dixon, J., 2014, 2010 Volcanic activity in Alaska, Kamchatka, and the Kurile Islands - Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5034, 76 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20145034 .

Preliminary database of Quaternary vents in Alaska, 2014

Cameron, C.E., and Nye, C.J., 2014, Preliminary database of Quaternary vents in Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication 153, 11 p., doi:10.14509/27357 .

InSAR imaging of Aleutian volcanoes, 2014

Lu, Zhong, and Dzurisin, Daniel, 2014, InSAR imaging of Aleutian volcanoes: Chichester, UK, Springer-Praxis, 390 p.

Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1 through December 31, 2012, 2013

Dixon, J.P., Stihler, S.D, Power, J.A., Haney, Matt, Parker, Tom, Searcy, C.K., and Prejean, Stephanie, 2013, Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1 through December 31, 2012: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 789, 84 p., available at http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/789/ .
full-text pdf 6.5 MB

Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1 through December 31, 2011, 2012

Dixon, J.P., Stihler, S.D., Power, J.A., and Searcy, C.K., 2012, Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1 through December 31, 2011: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 730, 82 p., available online at http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/730/pdf/ds730.pdf .

Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1 through December 31, 2010, 2011

Dixon, J.P., Stihler, S.D., Power, J.A., and Searcy, C.K., 2011, Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1 through December 31, 2010: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 645, 82 p., available online at http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/645/

Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1 through December 31, 2009, 2010

Dixon, J.P., Stihler, S.D., Power, J.A., and Searcy, C.K., 2010, Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1 through December 31, 2009: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 531, 84 p., available online at http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/531/ .

Subduction controls of Hf and Nd isotopes in lavas of the Aleutian island arc, 2010

Yogodzinski, G.M., Vervoort, J.D., Brown, S.T., and Gerseny, M., 2010. Subduction controls of Hf and Nd isotopes in lavas of the Aleutian island arc: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 300, p. 226-238, doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2010.09.035 .

210Pb-226Ra disequilibria in volcanic rocks, 2010

Berlo, Kim, and Turner, Simon, 2010, 210Pb-226Ra disequilibria in volcanic rocks: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 296, p. 155-164, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2010.05.023

Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1 through December 31, 2008, 2009

Dixon, J.P., and Stihler, S.D., 2009, Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1 through December 31, 2008: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 467, 88 p., available at http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/467/ .

Chronology and references of volcanic eruptions and selected unrest in the United States, 1980-2008, 2009

Diefenbach, A.K., Guffanti, Marianne, and Ewert, J.W., 2009, Chronology and references of volcanic eruptions and selected unrest in the United States, 1980-2008: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1118, 85 p., available at http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1118/ .

Preliminary spreadsheet of eruption source parameters for volcanoes of the world, 2009

Mastin, L.G., Guffanti, Marianne, Ewert, J.E., and Spiegel, Jessica, 2009, Preliminary spreadsheet of eruption source parameters for volcanoes of the world: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1133, v. 1.2, 25 p., available at http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1133/ .

Historically active volcanoes of Alaska reference deck, 2009

Snedigar, S.F., and Cameron, C.C., 2009, Historically active volcanoes of Alaska reference deck: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Information Circular 59, 52 p, available to order from http://www.dggs.dnr.state.ak.us/pubs/pubs?reqtype=citation&ID=20401 .

Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1 through December 31, 2006, 2008

Dixon, J.P., Stihler, S.D., Power, J.A., and Searcy, Cheryl, 2008, Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1 through December 31, 2006: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 326, 79 p., available at http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/326/ .

The Alaska Volcano Observatory - 20 years of volcano research, monitoring, and eruption response, 2008

Schaefer, J.R., and Nye, Chris, 2008, The Alaska Volcano Observatory - 20 years of volcano research, monitoring, and eruption response: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, Alaska GeoSurvey News, NL 2008-001, v. 11, n. 1, p. 1-9, available at http://wwwdggs.dnr.state.ak.us/pubs/pubs?reqtype=citation&ID=16061 .

The Alaska Volcano Observatory - 20 years of volcano research, monitoring, and eruption response, 2008

Schaefer, J.R., and Nye, Chris, 2008, The Alaska Volcano Observatory - 20 years of volcano research, monitoring, and eruption response: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, Alaska GeoSurvey News, NL 2008-001, v. 11, n. 1, p. 1-9, available at http://wwwdggs.dnr.state.ak.us/pubs/pubs?reqtype=citation&ID=16061 .

20th anniversary of the Alaska Volcano Observatory, 2008

University of Alaska Fairbanks Geophysical Institute, 2008, 20th anniversary of the Alaska Volcano Observatory: University of Alaska Geophysical Institute pamphlet, 2 p.

Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1 through December 31, 2007, 2008

Dixon, J.P., Stihler, S.D. and Power, J.A., 2008, Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1 through December 31, 2007: U.S. Geological Survey Data Series 367, 82 p., available online at http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/367/ .

Magma storage and movement at Okmok and Westdahl volcanoes, Alaska: Comparing experimental petrology with geophysical models, 2008

Larsen, J., Izbekov, P., Rader, E., Freymueller, J., 2008. Magma storage and movement at Okmok and Westdahl volcanoes, Alaska: Comparing experimental petrology with geophysical models [abs.]: IAVCEI 2008 Abstracts, August 17-22, Reykjavik, Iceland, p. 3.

Water under-saturated phase equilibria of basaltic andesites from Westdahl Volcano, Alaska, 2008

Rader, E.L., and Larsen, J., 2008, Water under-saturated phase equilibria of basaltic andesites from Westdahl Volcano, Alaska [abs.]: Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 89, n. 53, 1 p.

Written communication, 2008

Stelling, Pete, 2008, written communication.

InSAR imaging of volcanic deformation over cloud-prone areas - Aleutian Islands, 2007

Lu, Zhong, 2007, InSAR imaging of volcanic deformation over cloud-prone areas - Aleutian Islands: Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, v. 73, n. 3, p. 245-257.

System for ranking relative threats of U.S. volcanoes, 2007

Ewert, John, 2007, System for ranking relative threats of U.S. volcanoes: Natural Hazards Review, v. 8, n. 4, p. 112-124.

Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1 through December 31, 2005, 2006

Dixon, J.P., Stihler, S.D., Power, J.A., Tytgat, Guy, Estes, Steve, and McNutt, S.R., 2006, Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1 through December 31, 2005: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1264, 78 p., available at http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1264/ .

The relative importance of supraglacial versus subglacial meltwater escape in basaltic subglacial tuya eruptions; an important unresolved conundrum, 2006

Smellie, J.L, 2006, The relative importance of supraglacial versus subglacial meltwater escape in basaltic subglacial tuya eruptions; an important unresolved conundrum: Earth-Science Reviews, v. 74, n. 3-4, p. 241-268, doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2005.09.004.

March-April 2004, 2005

Alaska Volcano Observatory, 2005, March-April 2004: Alaska Volcano Observatory Bimonthly Report, v.16, n. 2, unpaged.

May-June 2004, 2005

Alaska Volcano Observatory, 2005, May-June 2004: Alaska Volcano Observatory Bimonthly Report, v. 16, n. 3, unpaged.

July-August 2004, 2005

Alaska Volcano Observatory, 2005, July-August 2004: Alaska Volcano Observatory Bimonthly Report, v. 16, n. 4, unpaged.

September-October 2004, 2005

Alaska Volcano Observatory, 2005, September-October 2004: Alaska Volcano Observatory Bimonthly Report, v. 16, n. 5, unpaged.

November-December 2004, 2005

Alaska Volcano Observatory, 2005, November-December 2004: Alaska Volcano Observatory Bimonthly Report, v. 16, n. 6, unpaged.

An assessment of volcanic threat and monitoring capabilities in the United States: framework for a National Volcano Early Warning System NVEWS, 2005

Ewert, J.W., Guffanti, Marianne, and Murray, T.L., 2005, An assessment of volcanic threat and monitoring capabilities in the United States: framework for a National Volcano Early Warning System NVEWS: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1164, 62 p.
full-text PDF 2.90 MB

Argon geochronology of Late Pleistocene to Holocene Westdahl Volcano, Unimak Island, Alaska, 2005

Calvert, A.T., Moore, R.B., and McGimsey, R.G., 2005, Argon geochronology of Late Pleistocene to Holocene Westdahl Volcano, Unimak Island, Alaska: in Haeussler, P.J., and Galloway, J.P., eds., Studies by the U.S. Geological Survey in Alaska, 2004, U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper PP 1709-D, 16 p.
full-text PDF 776 KB

2004 volcanic activity in Alaska and Kamchatka: summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory, 2005

Neal, C.A., McGimsey, R.G., Dixon, Jim, and Melnikov, Dimitry, 2005, 2004 volcanic activity in Alaska and Kamchatka: summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1308, 71 p., http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1308/.
full-text PDF 4.82 MB

Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1 through December 31, 2004, 2005

Dixon, J.P., Stihler, S.D., Power, J.A., Tytgat, Guy, Estes, Steve, Prejean, Stephanie, Sanchez, J.J., Sanches, Rebecca, McNutt, S.R., and Paskievitch, John, 2005, Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1 through December 31, 2004: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1312, 74 p., available online at http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1312/.

InSAR studies of Alaska volcanoes, 2005

Lu, Z., Wicks, C., Dzurisin, D., and Power, J., 2005, InSAR studies of Alaska volcanoes: Korean Journal of Remote Sensing v. 21, no. 1, pg. 59-72. https://doi.org/10.7780/kjrs.2005.21.1.59

July-August 2001, 2004

Alaska Volcano Observatory, 2004, July-August 2001: Alaska Volcano Observatory Bimonthly Report, v. 13, n. 4, unpaged.

September-October 2001, 2004

Alaska Volcano Observatory, 2004, September-October 2001: Alaska Volcano Observatory Bimonthly Report, v. 13, n. 5, unpaged.

November-December 2001, 2004

Alaska Volcano Observatory, 2004, November-December 2001: Alaska Volcano Observatory Bimonthly Report, v. 13, n. 6, unpaged.

January-February 2002, 2004

Alaska Volcano Observatory, 2004, January-February 2002: Alaska Volcano Observatory Bimonthly Report, v. 14, n. 1, unpaged.

March-April 2002, 2004

Alaska Volcano Observatory, 2004, March-April 2002: Alaska Volcano Observatory Bimonthly Report, v. 14, n. 2, unpaged.

May-June 2002, 2004

Alaska Volcano Observatory, 2004, May-June 2002: Alaska Volcano Observatory Bimonthly Report, v. 14, n. 3, unpaged.

July-August 2002, 2004

Alaska Volcano Observatory, 2004, July-August 2002: Alaska Volcano Observatory Bimonthly Report, v. 14, n. 4, unpaged.

September-October 2002, 2004

Alaska Volcano Observatory, 2004, September-October 2002: Alaska Volcano Observatory Bimonthly Report, v. 14, n. 5, unpaged.

November-December 2002, 2004

Alaska Volcano Observatory, 2004, November-December 2002: Alaska Volcano Observatory Bimonthly Report, v. 14, n. 6, unpaged.

January-February 2003, 2004

Alaska Volcano Observatory, 2004, January-February 2003: Alaska Volcano Observatory Bimonthly Report, v. 15, n. 1, unpaged.

March-April 2003, 2004

Alaska Volcano Observatory, 2004, March-April 2003: Alaska Volcano Observatory Bimonthly Report, v. 15, n. 2, unpaged.

May-June 2003, 2004

Alaska Volcano Observatory, 2004, May-June 2003: Alaska Volcano Observatory Bimonthly Report, v. 15, n. 3, unpaged.

July-August 2003, 2004

Alaska Volcano Observatory, 2004, July-August 2003: Alaska Volcano Observatory Bimonthly Report, v. 15, n. 4, unpaged.

September-October 2003, 2004

Alaska Volcano Observatory, 2004, September-October 2003: Alaska Volcano Observatory Bimonthly Report, v. 15, n. 5, unpaged.

Mapping recent lava flows at Westdahl Volcano, Alaska, using radar and optical satellite imagery, 2004

Lu, Zhong, Rykhus, Russell, Masterlark, Tim, and Dean, K. G., 2004, Mapping recent lava flows at Westdahl Volcano, Alaska, using radar and optical satellite imagery: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 91, p. 345-353.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1 through December 31, 2003, 2004

Dixon, J. P., Stihler, S. D., Power, J. A., Tytgat, Guy, Moran, S. C., Sanchez, J. J., McNutt, S. R., Estes, Steve, and Paskievitch, John, 2004, Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1 through December 31, 2003: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2004-1234, 69 p.
full-text PDF 12.3 MB

The Alaska Volcano Observatory - Expanded monitoring of volcanoes yields results, 2004

Brantley, S. R., McGimsey, R. G., and Neal, C. A., 2004, The Alaska Volcano Observatory - Expanded monitoring of volcanoes yields results: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet FS 2004-3084, 2 p.
full-text PDF 520 KB

January-February 2004, 2004

Alaska Volcano Observatory, 2004, January-February 2004: Alaska Volcano Observatory Bimonthly Report, v. 16, n. 1, unpaged.

November-December 2003, 2004

Alaska Volcano Observatory, 2004, November-December 2003: Alaska Volcano Observatory Bimonthly Report, v. 15, n. 6, unpaged.

210Pb-226Ra and 228Ra-232Th systematics in young arc lavas: implications for magma degassing and ascent rates, 2004

Turner, Simon, Black, Stuart, and Berlo, Kim, 2004, 210Pb-226Ra and 228Ra-232Th systematics in young arc lavas: implications for magma degassing and ascent rates: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, v. 227, n. 1-2, p. 1-16, doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2004.08.017

Volcanoes of the world: an illustrated catalog of Holocene volcanoes and their eruptions, 2003

Siebert, L., and Simkin, T., 2002-, Volcanoes of the world: an illustrated catalog of Holocene volcanoes and their eruptions: Smithsonian Institution, Global Volcanism Program Digital Information Series GVP-3, http://volcano.si.edu/search_volcano.cfm, unpaged internet resource.

Bibliography of information on Alaska volcanoes, 2003

Cameron, C. E., Triplehorn, J. H., and Robar, C. L., 2003, Bibliography of information on Alaska volcanoes: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication MP 131, 1 CD-ROM.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1 through December 31, 2002, 2003

Dixon, J. P., Stihler, S. D., Power, J. A., Tytgat, Guy, Moran, S. C., Sanchez, John, Estes, Steve, McNutt, S. R., and Paskievitch, John, 2003, Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1 through December 31, 2002: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 03-0267, 58 p.
full-text PDF 7.3 MB

Magma supply dynamics at Westdahl volcano, Alaska, modeled from satellite radar interferometry, 2003

Lu, Z., Masterlark, Tim, Dzurisin, Daniel, Rykhus, R., and Wicks, Charles, 2003, Magma supply dynamics at Westdahl volcano, Alaska, modeled from satellite radar interferometry: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 108, n. B7, 17 p.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Interferometric synthetic aperture radar studies of Alaska volcanoes, 2003

Lu, Zhong, Wicks, C. J., Dzurisin, Daniel, Power, John, Thatcher, Wayne, and Masterlark, Tim, 2003, Interferometric synthetic aperture radar studies of Alaska volcanoes: Earth Observation Magazine, v. 12, n. 3, p. 8-10.

Volcanic and tectonic deformation on Unimak Island in the Aleutian Arc, Alaska, 2003

Mann, Dorte, and Freymueller, J., 2003, Volcanic and tectonic deformation on Unimak Island in the Aleutian Arc, Alaska: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 108, n. 2, p. 1-12.

Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1, 2000 through December 31, 2001, 2002

Dixon, J. P., Stihler, S. D., Power, J. A., Tytgat, Guy, Estes, Steve, Moran, S. C., Paskievitch, John, and McNutt, S. R., 2002, Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1, 2000 through December 31, 2001: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-0342, 56 p.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Analysis of surface processes using SAR data; Westdahl Volcano, Alaska, 2002

Dean, K. G., Engle, K., Groves, J., Dehn, J., and Partington, K., 2002, Analysis of surface processes using SAR data; Westdahl Volcano, Alaska: International Journal of Remote Sensing, v. 23, n. 21, p. 4529-4550.

Deformation of Alaskan volcanoes measured using SAR interferometry and GPS, 2002

Mann, Dorte, 2002, Deformation of Alaskan volcanoes measured using SAR interferometry and GPS: University of Alaska Fairbanks unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, 122 p.

Historically active volcanoes of the Aleutian Arc, 2002

Schaefer, Janet, and Nye, C. J., 2002, Historically active volcanoes of the Aleutian Arc: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication MP 0123, unpaged, 1 sheet, scale 1:3,000,000. Superceded by Miscellaneous Publication 133: http://www.dggs.dnr.state.ak.us/pubs/pubs?reqtype=citation&ID=20181

Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1, 1994 through December 31, 1999, 2001

Jolly, A. D., Stihler, S. D., Power, J. A., Lahr, J. C., Paskievitch, John, Tytgat, Guy, Estes, Steve, Lockheart, A. D., Moran, S. C., McNutt, S. R., and Hammond, W. R., 2001, Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1, 1994 through December 31, 1999: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 01-0189, 22 p.
full-text PDF 552 KB
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Aseismic inflation of Westdahl volcano, Alaska, revealed by satellite radar interferometry, 2000

Lu, Zhong, Wicks, Charles, Dzurisin, Daniel, Thatcher, Wayne, Freymueller, J. T., McNutt, S. R., and Mann, Dorte, 2000, Aseismic inflation of Westdahl volcano, Alaska, revealed by satellite radar interferometry: Geophysical Research Letters, v. 27, n. 11, p. 1567-1570.
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Watching magma from space, 2000

Lu, Zhong, Wicks, Charles, and Dzurisin, Daniel, 2000, Watching magma from space: Geotimes, v. 45, n. 11, p. 36-37.
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Historically active volcanoes in Alaska, a quick reference, 2000

Wallace, K. L., McGimsey, R. G., and Miller, T. P., 2000, Historically active volcanoes in Alaska, a quick reference: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet FS 0118-00, 2 p.
full-text PDF 162 KB
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Volcano geodesy: challenges and opportunities for the 21st century, 2000

Dzurisin, Daniel, 2000, Volcano geodesy: challenges and opportunities for the 21st century: in Francis, Peter, Neuberg, Juergen, and Sparks, R. S. J., The causes and consequences of eruptions of andesite volcanoes: papers of a discussion meeting, Philosophical Transactions: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, v. 358, n. 1770, p. 1547-1566.

Encyclopedia of volcanoes, 2000

Sigurdsson, Haraldur, (ed.), 2000, Encyclopedia of volcanoes: San Diego, CA, Academic Press, 1417 p.

January-February 2000, 2000

Alaska Volcano Observatory, 2000, January-February 2000: Alaska Volcano Observatory Bimonthly Report, v. 12, n. 1, 28 p.
Part 1 PDF 239 KB
Part 2 PDF 916 KB
Part 3 PDF 469 KB

Inflation of Westdahl Volcano, Alaska: detected by satellite radar interferometry, 1999

Dzurisin, Daniel, Lu, Zhong, Wicks, C. W., and Thatcher, Wayne, 1999, Inflation of Westdahl Volcano, Alaska: detected by satellite radar interferometry [abs.]: Eos, v. 80, n. 46, p. 1196.

Along-arc U-Th-Ra systematics in the Aleutians, 1999

George, R. M., Turner, Simon, Hawkesworth, Chris, and Nye, C. J., 1999, Along-arc U-Th-Ra systematics in the Aleutians [abs.]: Eos, v. 80, n. 46, p. 1202.

Analysis of surface volcanic processes using SAR data: Westdahl Volcano, Alaska, 1999

Dean, Ken, Engle, Kevin, George, Shari, Partington, Kim, and Dehn, Jon, 1999, Analysis of surface volcanic processes using SAR data: Westdahl Volcano, Alaska [abs.]: in Severin, Barb and Anderson, P. M., (eds.), Science in the north: 50 years of change, Arctic Science Conference, 50, Program and Abstracts, Denali National Park and Preserve, AK, Sept 19-22, 1999, p. 209-210.

January-April 1999, 1999

Alaska Volcano Observatory, 1999, January-April 1999: Alaska Volcano Observatory Bimonthly Report, v. 11, n. 1 and 2, 30 p.
Part 1 PDF 385 KB
Part 2 PDF 870 KB
Part 3 PDF 1 MB

May-August 1999, 1999

Alaska Volcano Observatory, 1999, May-August 1999: Alaska Volcano Observatory Bimonthly Report, v. 11, n. 3 and 4, 39 p.
Part 1 PDF 399 KB
Part 2 PDF 831 KB
Part 3 PDF 736 KB
Part 4 PDF 41 KB
Part 5 PDF 91 KB

September-December 1999, 1999

Alaska Volcano Observatory, 1999, September-December 1999: Alaska Volcano Observatory Bimonthly Report, v. 11, n. 5 and 6, 51 p.
Part 1 PDF 425 KB
Part 2 PDF 1.7 MB
Part 3 PDF 549 KB

Lava flow morphology: The roles of external confinement and lava-ice interaction, 1999

Lescinsky, D.T., 1999, Lava flow morphology: The roles of external confinement and lava-ice interaction: Arizona State University Ph.D. dissertation, 209 p.
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Agayadan Village: Household archaeology on Unimak Island, Alaska, 1999

Hoffman, B.W., 1999, Agayadan Village: Household archaeology on Unimak Island, Alaska: Journal of Field Archaeology, v. 26, no. 2, p. 147-167, https://doi.org/10.1179/jfa.1999.26.2.147.

Volcanoes of Alaska, 1998

Nye, C. J., Queen, Katherine, and McCarthy, A. M., 1998, Volcanoes of Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Information Circular IC 0038, unpaged, 1 sheet, scale 1:4,000,000, available at http://www.dggs.dnr.state.ak.us/pubs/pubs?reqtype=citation&ID=7043 .
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Catalog of the historically active volcanoes of Alaska, 1998

Miller, T. P., McGimsey, R. G., Richter, D. H., Riehle, J. R., Nye, C. J., Yount, M. E., and Dumoulin, J. A., 1998, Catalog of the historically active volcanoes of Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-0582, 104 p.
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May-August 1998, 1998

Alaska Volcano Observatory, 1998, May-August 1998: Alaska Volcano Observatory Bimonthly Report, v. 10, n. 3 and 4, 43 p.
Part 1PDF 847 KB
Part 2 PDF 630 KB
Part 3 PDF 2.2 MB

September-December 1998, 1998

Alaska Volcano Observatory, 1998, September-December 1998: Alaska Volcano Observatory Bimonthly Report, v. 10, n. 5 and 6, 51 p.
Part 1 PDF 330 KB
Part 2 PDF 919 KB
Part 3 PDF 780 KB
Part 4 PDF 276 KB
Part 5 PDF 1.5 MB

Shishaldin Volcano, Aleutians: 1975 eruption and FeTi basalts, 1997

Fournelle, J. H., Simkin, Tom, Marsh, B. D., and Blaustein, M. K., 1997, Shishaldin Volcano, Aleutians: 1975 eruption and FeTi basalts [abs.]: Eos, v. 78, n. 46, p. 794.

Volcanoes of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands selected photographs, 1997

Neal, Christina, and McGimsey, R. G., 1997, Volcanoes of the Alaska Peninsula and Aleutian Islands selected photographs: U.S. Geological Survey Digital Data Series DDS 0040, 1 CD-ROM.

1996 volcanic activity in Alaska and Kamchatka: Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory, 1997

Neal, Christina, and McGimsey, R. G., 1997, 1996 volcanic activity in Alaska and Kamchatka: Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-0433, 34 p.
full-text PDF 795 KB
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January-April 1997, 1997

Alaska Volcano Observatory, 1997, January-April 1997: Alaska Volcano Observatory Bimonthly Report, v. 9, n. 1 and 2, 51 p.
Part 1 PDF 252 KB
Part 2 PDF 2.8 MB
Part 3 PDF 649 KB

July-August 1997, 1997

Alaska Volcano Observatory, 1997, July-August 1997: Alaska Volcano Observatory Bimonthly Report, v. 9, n. 4, 31 p.
Part 1 PDF 446 KB
Part 2 PDF 435 KB
Part 3 PDF 2 MB

Use of SAR data to study active volcanoes in Alaska, 1996

Dean, K. G., Neal, C., Doukas, M., Engle, K., and Lu, Z., 1996, Use of SAR data to study active volcanoes in Alaska: Earth Observation Quarterly, v. 53, p. 21-23.

Use of SAR data to study active volcanoes in Alaska, 1996

Dean, K. G., Engle, K., Lu, Z., Eichelberger, J., Neal, C., and Doukas, M., 1996, Use of SAR data to study active volcanoes in Alaska: in Circumpolar symposium, 4, Proceedings, Lyngby, Denmark, Apr. 29-May 1, 1996, Remote sensing of the polar environments, v. 391, Noordwijk, European Space Agency, p.153-158.

Tsunamis affecting Alaska, 1996

Lander, J.F., 1996, Tsunamis affecting Alaska: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Service, National Geophysical Data Center, Boulder, CO, 195 p.
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10 years of volcanic activity in Alaska: 1983-1992: A video (Pyre Peak, Akutan, Bogoslof, Westdahl, Veniaminof, Augustine, Redoubt, and Spurr volcanoes), 1995

Doukas, M. P., McGimsey, R. G., and Dorava, J. M., 1995, 10 years of volcanic activity in Alaska: 1983-1992: A video (Pyre Peak, Akutan, Bogoslof, Westdahl, Veniaminof, Augustine, Redoubt, and Spurr volcanoes): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-0061-A, Anchorage, AK, KAKM Video, 1 videocassette.
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10 years of volcanic activity in Alaska: 1983 to 1992: a video, 1995

Doukas, M. P., McGimsey, R. G., and Dorava, J. M., 1995, 10 years of volcanic activity in Alaska: 1983 to 1992: a video: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-61-B, 12 p.
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Volcanic activity in Alaska: Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory 1992, 1995

McGimsey, R. G., Neal, C. A., and Doukas, M. P., 1995, Volcanic activity in Alaska: Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory 1992: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-83, 26 p.
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A video of 10 years of volcanic activity in Alaska: 1983 to 1992, 1995

Doukas, M. P., McGimsey, R. G., and Dorava, J. M., 1995, A video of 10 years of volcanic activity in Alaska: 1983 to 1992 [abs.]: Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America, v. 27, n. 5, p. 15.
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Quick reference to Alaska's active volcanoes and listing of historical eruptions, 1760-1994, 1995

McGimsey, R. G., and Miller, T. P., 1995, Quick reference to Alaska's active volcanoes and listing of historical eruptions, 1760-1994: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-0520, 13 p.
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Stratospheric loading and optical depth estimates of explosive volcanism over the last 2100 years derived from the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 ice core, 1995

Zielinski, R. A., 1995, Stratospheric loading and optical depth estimates of explosive volcanism over the last 2100 years derived from the Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 ice core: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 100, n. D10, p. 20,937-20,955.

Volcanoes of Alaska, 1995

Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 1995, Volcanoes of Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Information Circular IC 0038, unpaged, 1 sheet, scale 1:4,000,000.

Westdahl, 1995

McGimsey, R. G., 1995, Westdahl: in Annual report of the world volcanic eruptions in 1992, Bulletin of Volcanic Eruptions, v. 32, p. 92-94.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Preliminary ERS-1 observations of Alaskan and Aleutian Volcanoes, 1994

Rowland, S. K., Smith, G. A., and Mouginis-Mark, P. J., 1994, Preliminary ERS-1 observations of Alaskan and Aleutian Volcanoes: Remote Sensing of Environment, v. 48, n. 3, p. 358-369.

Age, character, and significance of Aleutian arc volcanism, 1994

Fournelle, J. H., Marsh, B. D., and Myers, J. D., 1994, Age, character, and significance of Aleutian arc volcanism: in Plafker, George and Berg, H. C., (eds.), The Geology of Alaska, Geological Society of America The Geology of North America Series v. G-1, p. 723-758.

Aleutian magmas in space and time, 1994

Kay, S. M., and Kay, R. W., 1994, Aleutian magmas in space and time: in Plafker, George and Berg, H. C., (eds.), The Geology of Alaska, Geological Society of America The Geology of North America series v. G-1, p. 687-722.
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Quaternary volcanism in the Alaska Peninsula and Wrangell Mountains, Alaska, 1994

Miller, T. P., and Richter, D. H., 1994, Quaternary volcanism in the Alaska Peninsula and Wrangell Mountains, Alaska: in Plafker, George, Jones, D. L., and Berg, H. C., (eds.), The Geology of Alaska, Geological Society of America The Geology of North America series v. G-1, p. 759-779.
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Volcanoes of the world [2nd edition], 1994

Simkin, Tom, and Siebert, Lee, 1994, Volcanoes of the world [2nd edition]: Tucson, Arizona, Geoscience Press, 349 p.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC shelf

The geology, geochemistry and petrology of the recent magmatic phase of the central and western Aleutian Arc, 1994

Myers, J. D., 1994, The geology, geochemistry and petrology of the recent magmatic phase of the central and western Aleutian Arc: unpublished manuscript unpaged.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC shelf

Westdahl, 1994

Reeder, J. W., and Doukas, M., 1994, Westdahl: in Annual report of the world volcanic eruptions in 1991, Bulletin of Volcanic Eruptions, v. 31, p. 83-86.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Aleutian arc volcanoes, 1994

Nye, C. J., 1994, Aleutian arc volcanoes: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Public-Data File PDF 94-54, unpaged, 1 sheet, scale 1:2,126,841.

Geothermal resources of the Aleutian Arc, 1993

Motyka, R. J., Liss, S. A., Nye, C. J., and Moorman, M. A., 1993, Geothermal resources of the Aleutian Arc: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Professional Report PR 0114, 17 p., 4 sheets, scale 1:1,000,000.
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Volcanic activity in Alaska: September 1991-September 1992, 1993

McGimsey, Game, 1993, Volcanic activity in Alaska: September 1991-September 1992: Earthquakes and Volcanoes, v. 24, n. 2, p. 60-73.
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Holocene volcanoes of the Aleutian Arc, Alaska, 1993

March, G. D., 1993, Holocene volcanoes of the Aleutian Arc, Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Public-Data File PDF 93-85, unpaged, 1 sheet, scale 1:2,000,000.

Oxygen isotope constraints on the petrogenesis of Aleutian arc magmas, 1992

Singer, B. S., O'Neil, J. R., and Brophy, J. G., 1992, Oxygen isotope constraints on the petrogenesis of Aleutian arc magmas: Geology, v. 20, n. 4, p. 367-370.

False Pass residents report rumbling under Westdahl volcano re Alaska earthquakes, 1992

Associated Press, 1992, False Pass residents report rumbling under Westdahl volcano re Alaska earthquakes: The Tundra Drums, v. XIX, n. 40, Bethel, AK, p. 3.
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ERS-1 radar data for Aleutian and Alaskan volcanoes, 1992

Mouginis-Mark, P. J., Rowland, S. K., and Smith, G. A., 1992, ERS-1 radar data for Aleutian and Alaskan volcanoes [abs.]: Eos, v. 73, n. 43, p. 613-614.

Westdahl, 1992

Smithsonian Institution, 1992, Westdahl: Global Volcanism Network Bulletin v. 17, n. 01, unpaged.

Alaska's volcanoes, 1991

Rennick, Penny, (ed.), 1991, Alaska's volcanoes: Alaska Geographic, v. 18, n. 2, 80 p.
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Eruption reported in Aleutian islands, 1991

Unknown, 1991, Eruption reported in Aleutian islands: Eos, v. 72, n. 50, p. 562.
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Westdahl, 1991

Smithsonian Institution, 1991, Westdahl: Scientific Event Alert Network Bulletin v. 16, n. 11, unpaged.

Westdahl, 1991

Smithsonian Institution, 1991, Westdahl: Global Volcanism Network Bulletin v. 16, n. 12, unpaged.

Geologists observe eruption from afar, 1991

Associated Press, 1991, Geologists observe eruption from afar: Fairbanks Daily News-Miner, v. December 4, 1991, p. A5.
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Alaska's volcanoes - an introduction, 1991

Unknown, 1991, Alaska's volcanoes - an introduction: in Rennick, Penny, (ed.), Alaska's volcanoes, Alaska Geographic, v. 18, n. 2, p. 5-9.

Geology and geochemistry of Fisher Caldera, Unimak Island, Aleutians: initial results, 1990

Fournelle, John, 1990, Geology and geochemistry of Fisher Caldera, Unimak Island, Aleutians: initial results [abs.]: Eos, v. 71, n. 43, p. 1698-1699.

Volcanoes of North America: United States and Canada, 1990

Wood, C. A., and Kienle, Juergen, (eds.), 1990, Volcanoes of North America: United States and Canada: New York, Cambridge University Press, 354 p.
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The subducted component in island arc lavas: constraints from Be isotopes and B-Be systematics, 1990

Morris, J.D., Leeman, W.P., and Tera, F., 1990, The subducted component in island arc lavas: constraints from Be isotopes and B-Be systematics: Nature, v. 344, p. 31-36.

Late Quaternary caldera-forming eruptions in the eastern Aleutian arc, Alaska, 1987

Miller, T. P., and Smith, R. L., 1987, Late Quaternary caldera-forming eruptions in the eastern Aleutian arc, Alaska: Geology, v. 15, n. 5, p. 434-438.
full-text PDF 2.5 MB
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Seismicity, tectonics, and geohazards of the Gulf of Alaska, 1986

Jacob, K. H., 1986, Seismicity, tectonics, and geohazards of the Gulf of Alaska: in Hood, D. W. and Zimmerman, S. T., (eds.), The Gulf of Alaska: physical environment and biological recourses, Washington, DC, U.S. Department of Commerce & U.S. Department of the Interior, p. 145-184.

Map showing distribution, composition, and age of Late Cenozoic volcanic centers in Alaska, 1986

Luedke, R. G., and Smith, R. L., 1986, Map showing distribution, composition, and age of Late Cenozoic volcanic centers in Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map I 1091-F, unpaged, 3 sheets, scale 1:1,000,000.

Sediment incorporation in island-arc magmas: inferences from 10Be, 1986

Tera, Fouad, Brown, Louis, Morris, Julie, and Sacks, I.S., 1986, Sediment incorporation in island-arc magmas: inferences from 10Be: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 50, p. 535-550.

Evolution of volcanic centers in the oceanic-continental transition of the Aleutian Arc, 1984

Swanson, S. E., and Blum, J. D., 1984, Evolution of volcanic centers in the oceanic-continental transition of the Aleutian Arc [abs.]: Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America, v. 16, n. 6, p. 671.

Petrology and geochemistry of Westdahl and Pogromni volcanoes, Unimak Island, Alaska, 1983

Neal, R. J., and Swanson, S. E., 1983, Petrology and geochemistry of Westdahl and Pogromni volcanoes, Unimak Island, Alaska [abs.]: Eos, v. 64, n. 45, p. 893.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Petrology and geochemistry of Westdahl and Pogromni volcanoes, Unimak Island, Alaska, 1983

Neal, R. J., 1983, Petrology and geochemistry of Westdahl and Pogromni volcanoes, Unimak Island, Alaska: University of Alaska Fairbanks unpublished M.S. thesis draft unpaged.
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The Aleutians, 1982

Marsh, B. D., 1982, The Aleutians: in Thorpe, R. S., (ed.), Andesites: orogenic andesites and related rocks, Chichester, United Kingdom, John Wiley & Sons, p. 99-114.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Volcanoes of the world, 1981

Simkin, Tom, Siebert, Lee, McClelland, Lindsay, Bridge, David, Newhall, Christopher, and Latter, J. H., 1981, Volcanoes of the world: Stroudsburg, PA, Hutchinson Publishing Company, 233 p.

Westdahl, 1981

Pamenter, F., and Kienle, J., 1981, Westdahl: in Annual report of the world volcanic eruptions in 1979, Bulletin of Volcanic Eruptions, v. 19, p. 61-62.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Summary of 1979 volcanic activity, 1980

McClelland, Lindsay, 1980, Summary of 1979 volcanic activity [abs.]: Eos, v. 61, n. 6, p. 65.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Westdahl, 1980

Krafft, M., Miller, T., and Kienle, J., 1980, Westdahl: in Annual report of the world volcanic eruptions in 1978, Bulletin of Volcanic Eruptions, v. 18, p. 65-66.
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Remote Alaska volcano blows its top, 1980

Associated Press, 1980, Remote Alaska volcano blows its top: Anchorage Times, v. August 16, p. A3.
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Westdahl, 1979

Smithsonian Institution, 1979, Westdahl: Scientific Event Alert Network Bulletin v. 04, n. 02, unpaged.

Comprehensive tables giving physical data and thermal energy estimates for young igneous systems of the United States, 1978

Smith, R. L., Shaw, H. R., Luedke, R. G., and Russell, S. L., 1978, Comprehensive tables giving physical data and thermal energy estimates for young igneous systems of the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-0925, p. 1-25.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC shelf

Shishaldin, 1978

Smithsonian Institution, 1978, Shishaldin: Scientific Event Alert Network Bulletin v. 03, n. 02, unpaged.

Westdahl, 1978

Smithsonian Institution, 1978, Westdahl: Scientific Event Alert Network Bulletin v. 03, n. 01, unpaged.

Westdahl, 1978

Smithsonian Institution, 1978, Westdahl: Scientific Event Alert Network Bulletin v. 03, n. 02, p. 3-6.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Westdahl, 1978

Smithsonian Institution, 1978, Westdahl: Scientific Event Alert Network Bulletin v. 03, n. 05, unpaged.

Westdahl, 1978

Smithsonian Institution, 1978, Westdahl: Scientific Event Alert Network Bulletin v. 03, n. 09, p. 9-11.
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Eruption of Westdahl peak, 1978

Harris, G. L., 1978, Eruption of Westdahl peak: Alaska magazine, v. May 1978, .
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Scotch Cap diary, 1978

Clark, M., Villegas, Bob, Stanley, Mike, and Standridge, Ray, 1978, Scotch Cap diary: unpublished personal account, 8 p.
full-text PDF 2.3 MB

Notes on the islands of the Unalashka district; and, Notes on the Atkhan Aleuts and the Kolosh [translated from Russian by Richard Henry Geogheghan], 1968

Veniaminov, Ivan, 1968, Notes on the islands of the Unalashka district; and, Notes on the Atkhan Aleuts and the Kolosh [translated from Russian by Richard Henry Geogheghan]: Martin, Fredericka, (ed.), Unpublished manuscript, Fairbanks, AK, 944 p.

Investigations at active volcanoes, 1967

Decker, R. W., 1967, Investigations at active volcanoes: Adams, L. H. and Schairer, J. F., (eds.), Eos, v. 48, n. 2, p. 639-647.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Aleutian Islands and Alaska, 1964

Coats, R. R., 1964, Aleutian Islands and Alaska: Bulletin of Volcanic Eruptions, v. 4, p. 4.
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Volcano erupts, 1964

Associated Press, 1964, Volcano erupts: The Gettysburg Times, Gettysburg, PA, Saturday, March 14, 1964, p. 6.

Alaska Peninsula-Aleutian Islands, 1958

Powers, H. A., 1958, Alaska Peninsula-Aleutian Islands: in Williams, H., (ed.), Landscapes of Alaska, Los Angeles, CA, University of California Press, p. 61-75.

Aleutian volcanoes, 1952

Jones, A. E., 1952, Aleutian volcanoes: The Volcano Letter, v. 516, p. 8-9.
full-text PDF 2.4 MB
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Volcanic activity in the Aleutian Arc, 1950

Coats, R. R., 1950, Volcanic activity in the Aleutian Arc: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 0974-B, p. 35-49, 1 sheet, scale 1:5,000,000.
plate 1 PDF 819 KB
full-text PDF 783 KB
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United States coast pilot, Alaska Part 2, Yakutat Bay to Arctic Ocean, 1947

U.S. Department of Commerce, and Coast and Geodetic Survey, 1947, United States coast pilot, Alaska Part 2, Yakutat Bay to Arctic Ocean: Washington DC, United States Government Printing Office, 659 p.

Angry Earth, 1946

Lowney, P. B., 1946, Angry Earth: Alaska Life: the Territorial Magazine, v. 9, n. 4, p. 2.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Glaciers of the Aleutian Islands, 1945

Denton, G. H., 1945, Glaciers of the Aleutian Islands: in Field, W. O., (ed.), Mountain glaciers of the Northern Hemisphere, v. 2, Hanover, NH, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, p. 641-650.

The Aleutian and Commander Islands and their inhabitants, 1945

Hrdlicka, Ales, 1945, The Aleutian and Commander Islands and their inhabitants: Philadelphia, PA, Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, 630 p.
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Cradle of the storms, 1935

Hubbard, B. R., 1935, Cradle of the storms: New York, Dodd, Mead, 285 p.

Shishaldin volcano, 1934

Finch, R. H., 1934, Shishaldin volcano: in Pacific Science Congress, 5, Proceedings, v. 3, Victoria and Vancouver, BC, 1933, p. 2369-2376.
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Reminiscences of Alaskan volcanoes, 1918

Dall, W. H., 1918, Reminiscences of Alaskan volcanoes: Scientific Monthly, v. 7, n. 1, p. 80-90.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Katalog der geschichtlichen vulkanausbruche, 1917

Sapper, Karl, 1917, Katalog der geschichtlichen vulkanausbruche: Strassburg, Germany, Karl J. Trubner, 358 p.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Volcanoes of North America, 1910

Russell, I. C., 1910, Volcanoes of North America: London, The Macmillan Company, 346 p.
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Journal of the technology expedition to the Aleutian Islands, 1907, 1908

Jaggar, T. A., 1908, Journal of the technology expedition to the Aleutian Islands, 1907: The Technology Review, v. 10, n. 1, p. 1-37.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

An island rises from the sea to annex itself, 1906

Dunn, Robert, 1906, An island rises from the sea to annex itself: The Washington Post, Washington, D.C., October 14, 1906, p. 44.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Mountains on Unimak Island, Alaska, 1903

Westdahl, F., 1903, Mountains on Unimak Island, Alaska: National Geographic Magazine, v. 14, n. 3, p. 91-99.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Appleton's guide-book to Alaska and the northwest coast, including the shores of Washington, British Columbia, southeastern Alaska, the Aleutian and Seal Islands, the Bering and the Arctic coasts, 1899

Scidmore, E. R., 1899, Appleton's guide-book to Alaska and the northwest coast, including the shores of Washington, British Columbia, southeastern Alaska, the Aleutian and Seal Islands, the Bering and the Arctic coasts: New York, D. Appleton and Co., 167 p.

Reported volcanic eruptions in Alaska, Puget Sound, etc., 1690-1896, 1898

Plummer, F. G., 1898, Reported volcanic eruptions in Alaska, Puget Sound, etc., 1690-1896: in Holden, E. S., (ed.), A Catalogue of Earthquakes on the Pacific Coast 1769-1897, Smithsonian Institution Miscellaneous Collections 1087, City of Washington D.C., Smithsonian Institution, p. 24-27.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Reconnaissance of the gold fields of southern Alaska with some notes on general geology, 1898

Becker, G. F., 1898, Reconnaissance of the gold fields of southern Alaska with some notes on general geology: U.S. Geological Survey Annual Report 0018, p. 1-86, 6 sheets, scale unknown.
full-text PDF 1.5 MB
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

The volcanic region of Alaska, 1884

Petroff, Ivan, 1884, The volcanic region of Alaska: in Population, Industries, and Resources of Alaska, Washington DC, Government Printing Office, p. 93-96.
full-text PDF 10.9 MB
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Alaska and its resources, 1870

Dall, W. H., 1870, Alaska and its resources: Boston, Lee and Shepard, 627 p.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Documents sur les tremblements de terre et les phenomenes volcaniques des iles Aleutiennes, de la peninsule d'Aljaska et de la cote no. d'Amerique, Extrait des memoires de l'Academie des sciences, arts et belles-lettres de Dijon, 1865, 1866

Perrey, Alexis, 1866, Documents sur les tremblements de terre et les phenomenes volcaniques des iles Aleutiennes, de la peninsule d'Aljaska et de la cote no. d'Amerique, Extrait des memoires de l'Academie des sciences, arts et belles-lettres de Dijon, 1865: Dijon, J.E. Rabutut, 131 p.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Grewingk's geology of Alaska and the Northwest Coast of America [edited by Marvin W. Falk, translation by Fritz Jaensch published 2003], 1850

Grewingk, Constantine, 1850, Grewingk's geology of Alaska and the Northwest Coast of America [edited by Marvin W. Falk, translation by Fritz Jaensch published 2003]: Rasmuson Library Historical Translation Series 11, Fairbanks, AK, The University of Alaska Press, 242 p.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC shelf

Notes on the islands of the Unalaska district [translated from Russian by Lydia T. Black and R.H. Geoghegan in 1984], 1840

Veniaminov, Ivan, 1840, Notes on the islands of the Unalaska district [translated from Russian by Lydia T. Black and R.H. Geoghegan in 1984]: Pierce, R. A., (ed.), Kingston, Ontario, Limestone Press, 511 p.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Notes on the islands of the Unalashka district [Zapiski ob ostravakh Unalashkinskogo otdela], 1840

Veniaminov, I., 1840, Notes on the islands of the Unalashka district [Zapiski ob ostravakh Unalashkinskogo otdela]: v. 1-3, St. Petersburg, Russiisko-Amerikanskoi Kompanii, unknown.

Expedition to the northern parts of Russia, for ascertaining the degree of latitude and longitude of the mouth of the river Kovima; of the whole coast of the Tshutski, to East Cape; and of the islands in the eastern ocean, stretching to the American coast, 1802

Sauer, Martin, 1802, Expedition to the northern parts of Russia, for ascertaining the degree of latitude and longitude of the mouth of the river Kovima; of the whole coast of the Tshutski, to East Cape; and of the islands in the eastern ocean, stretching to the American coast: London, A. Strahan, 3332 p.

Past volcanic activity in the Aleutian arc,

Coats, R. R., Past volcanic activity in the Aleutian arc: U.S. Geological Survey Volcano Investigations Report 1, 18 p.
full-text PDF 22.3 MB
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Volcano observations,

Kienle, Juergen (comp.), Volcano observations: Notes about volcanoes and volcanic eruptions collected, made, and stored by Juergen Kienle, on file at University of Alaska Fairbanks, Geophysical Institute, unpublished, unpaged.

Before an eruption

Ashfall & Preparedness Information

During and After an Eruption

Other Useful Links

Ash Forecasting

Mathematical models developed by the USGS forecast various aspects of how a volcanic ash plume will interact with wind—where, how high, and how fast ash particles will be transported in the atmosphere, as well as where ash will fall out and accumulate on the ground. AVO runs these models when a volcano is restless by assuming a reasonable hypothetical eruption, to provide a pre-eruptive forecast of areas likely to be affected. During an ongoing eruption, AVO will update the forecast with actual observations (eruption start time and duration, plume height) as they become available.

View the current airborne ash cloud models for Westdahl

Ashfall thickness forecast

The Ash3d model was developed by the USGS to forecast how a volcanic ash plume will interact with wind and where ash will fall out and accumulate on the ground. AVO runs these models twice daily when a volcano is restless by assuming a reasonable hypothetical eruption altitude and duration. The map shows the model results of ashfall thickness for areas that are likely to be affected, if one were to occur. During an ongoing eruption, AVO will update the forecast with actual observations (eruption start time and duration, plume height) as they become available, and these plots will be automatically updated. The National Weather Service Anchorage Forecast Office will issue the official ashfall warning product and post them at weather.gov/afc

THESE PRODUCTS MAY NOT BE CURRENT.

During an actual eruption, see National Weather Service forecasts of ashfall:https://weather.gov/afc.

Ashfall Forecast

Click on the X on the graphic (upper right) to expand the map to show the map legend.

Ashfall Start Time

This map shows the modeled estimate of the time it would take for ashfall to begin following an eruption. It corresponds to the ashfall thickness forecast map shown above. This map uses the start time of either the twice-daily hypothetical model runs (time shown in the legend) or the actual eruption start time (if one were to occur). In the case of an actual eruption, the National Weather Service Anchorage Forecast Office will issue the official ashfall warning product that includes the ashfall start time and post them at weather.gov/afc

THESE PRODUCTS MAY NOT BE CURRENT.

During an actual eruption, see National Weather Service forecasts of ashfall:https://weather.gov/afc.

Ashfall Start Times Forecast

Click on the X on the graphic (upper right) to expand the map to show the map legend.
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