Wallace, Kristi
Kristi manages The USGS/AVO Alaska Tephra Laboratory (ATL) and Data Center. The ATL is an interdisciplinary center for the study of tephra fall (volcanic ash) erupted from Alaskan volcanoes and serves as a regional facility for the storage and management of tephra data. The ATL houses data and physical archives including a growing reference collection for the USGS/AVO and its collaborators. Kristi's research focus includes tephrochronology, tephrostratigraphy, and ashfall impacts.
Discipline(s): Geology, Tephra
References:
Mount Spurr volcano, 2025
Wallace, K.L., Waythomas, C.F., Coombs, M.L.,and Nastan, A.M., 2025, Mount Spurr Volcano: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Information Circular 98, 2 p. https://doi.org/10.14509/31518
full-text PDF 1108 kb From field station to forecast: managing data at the Alaska Volcano Observatory, 2024
Coombs, M.L., Cameron, C.E., Dietterich, H.R., Boyce, E.S., Wech, A.G., Grapenthin, R., Wallace, K.L., Parker, T., Lopez, T., Crass, S., Fee, D., Haney, M.M., Ketner, D., Loewen, M.W., Lyons, J.J., Nakai, J.S., Power, J.A., Botnick, S., Brewster, I., Enders, M.L., Harmon, D., Kelly, P.J., and Randall, M., 2024, From field station to forecast: managing data at the Alaska Volcano Observatory: Bulletin of Volcanology v. 86, 79. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-024-01766-0Tephra samples and analyses from Cook Inlet source volcanoes and Anchor Point, Alaska, 2024
Loewen, M.W., Wallace, Kristi, Coombs, M.L., and Mulliken, K.M., 2023, Tephra samples and analyses from Cook Inlet source volcanoes and Anchor Point, Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Raw Data File 2023-25, 4 p. https://doi.org/10.14509/31090Estimates of volcanic mercury emissions from Redoubt Volcano, Augustine Volcano, and Mount Spurr eruption ash, 2023
Kushner, D.S., Lopez, T.M., Wallace, K.L., Damby, D.E., Kern, C., and Cameron, C.E., 2023, Estimates of volcanic mercury emissions from Redoubt Volcano, Augustine Volcano, and Mount Spurr eruption ash: Frontiers in Earth Science v. 11, 1054521. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2023.1054521
Full-text PDF 1.8 MB Probabilistic source classification of large tephra producing eruptions using supervised machine learning - an example from the Alaska-Aleutian Arc, 2023
Lubbers, J., Loewen, M., Wallace, K., Coombs, M., and Addison, J., 2023, Probabilistic source classification of large tephra producing eruptions using supervised machine learning - an example from the Alaska-Aleutian Arc: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems v. 24, no. 11, e2023GC011037. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GC011037.Glacial dust surpasses both volcanic ash and desert dust in its iron fertilization potential, 2021
Koffman, B.G., Yoder, M.F., Methven, Taylor, Hanschka, Lena, Sears, H.B., Saylor, P.L., and Wallace, K.L., 2021, Glacial dust surpasses both volcanic ash and desert dust in its iron fertilization potential: Global Biogeochemical Cycles, v. 35, e2020GB006821, doi: 10.1029/2020GB006821.2016 Volcanic activity in Alaska - Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory, 2020
Cameron, C.E., Dixon, J.P., Waythomas, C.F., Iezzi, A.M., Wallace, K.L., McGimsey, R.G., and Bull, K.F., 2020, 2016 Volcanic activity in Alaska-Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2020-5125, 63 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20205125.2017 Volcanic activity in Alaska-Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory, 2020
Dixon, J.P., Cameron, C.E., Iezzi, A.M., Power, J.A., Wallace, K., and Waythomas, C.F., 2020, 2017 Volcanic activity in Alaska-Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2020-5102, 61 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20205102.Constraints on eruption processes and event masses for the 2016-2017 eruption of Bogoslof volcano, Alaska, through evalution of IASI satellite SO2 masses and complementary datasets, 2020
Lopez, Taryn, Lieven, Clarisse, Schwaiger, Hans, Van Eaton, Alexa, Loewen, Matthew, Fee, David, Lyons, John, Wallace, Kristi, Searcy, Cheryl, Wech, Aaron, Haney, Matthew, Schnieder, David, and Graham, Nathan, 2020, Constraints on eruption processes and event masses for the 2016-2017 eruption of Bogoslof volcano, Alaska, through evalution of IASI satellite SO2 masses and complementary datasets: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 82, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-019-1348-z.Geology and eruptive history of Bogoslof volcano, 2020
Waythomas, C.F., Loewen, M., Wallace, K.L., Cameron, C.E., and Larsen, J.F., 2020, Geology and eruptive history of Bogoslof volcano: Bulletin of Volcanology, v. 82, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-019-1352-3.Influence of grain size and shape on volcanic ash electrical conductivity, 2020
Woods, T.W., Genareau, K., and Wallace, K.L., 2020, Influence of grain size and shape on volcanic ash electrical conductivity: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 393, no. 106788, 9 p., doi: 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2020.106788.Machine learning classifiers for attributing tephra to source volcanoes: an evalution of methods for Alaska tephras, 2020
Bolton, M.S.M., Jensen, B.J.L., Wallace, Kristi, Praet, Nore, Fortin, David, Kaufman, Darrell, and De Batist, Marc, 2020, Machine learning classifiers for attributing tephra to source volcanoes: an evalution of methods for Alaska tephras: Journal of Quaternary Science, v. 35, n. 1-2, p. 81-92, doi:10.1002/jqs.3170.Major-oxide and trace-element geochemical data from the tephra collected on Veniaminof volcano, Alaska, 2020
Wallace, K.L., Cameron, C.E., Waythomas, C.F., and Perreault, J.M., 2020, Major-oxide and trace-element geochemical data from the tephra collected on Veniaminof volcano, Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Raw Data File 2020-17, 5 p. https://doi.org/10.14509/30578Satellite observations of the 2016-2017 eruption of Bogoslof volcano: aviation and ash fallout hazard implications from a water-rich eruption, 2020
Schneider, D.J., Van Eaton, A.R., and Wallace, K.L., 2020, Satellite observations of the 2016-2017 eruption of Bogoslof volcano: aviation and ash fallout hazard implications from a water-rich eruption: Bulletin of Volcanology, v, 82, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-020-1361-2.Overview, chronology, and impacts of the 2016-2017 eruption of Bogoslof volcano, Alaska, 2019
Coombs, Michelle, Wallace, Kristi, Cameron, Cheryl, Lyons, John, Wech, Aaron, Angeli, Kim, and Cervelli, Peter, 2019, Overview, chronology, and impacts of the 2016-2017 eruption of Bogoslof volcano, Alaska: Bulletin of Volcanology, v, 81, n. 62, doi:10.1007/s00445-019-1322-9.Petrology of the 2016-2017 eruption of Bogoslof Island, Alaska, 2019
Loewen, M.L., Izbekov, Pavel, Moshrefzadeh, Jamshid, Coombs, Michelle, Larsen, Jessica, Graham, Nathan, Harbin, Michelle, Waythomas, Christopher, and Wallace, Kristi, 2019, Petrology of the 2016-2017 eruption of Bogoslof Island, Alaska: Bulletin of Volcanology v. 81, n. 72, 20 p., doi:10.1007/s00445-019-1333-6.Volcanic ash resuspension from the Katmai region, 2019
Wallace, K.L., and Schwaiger, H.F., 2019, Volcanic ash resuspension from the Katmai region: Alaska Park Science, v. 18, n. 1., p. 63-70.Major-element glass compositions of tephra from the circa 3.6 ka eruption of Aniakchak volcano, Alaska Peninsula, Alaska, 2018
Wallace, K.L., Hayden, L.A., and Neal, C.A., 2017, Major-element glass compositions of tephra from the circa 3.6 ka eruption of Aniakchak volcano, Alaska Peninsula, Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Raw Data File 2017-9, 9 p. http://doi.org/10.14509/29777Short-term forecasting and detection of explosions during the 2016-2017 eruption of Bogoslof Volcano, Alaska, 2018
Coombs, M.L., Wech, A.G., Haney, M.M., Lyons, J.J., Schneider, D.J., Schwaiger, H.F., Wallace, K.L., Fee, David, Freymueller, J.T., Schaefer, J.R., and Tepp, Gabrielle, 2018, Short-term forecasting and detection of explosions during the 2016-2017 eruption of Bogoslof Volcano, Alaska: Frontiers in Earth Science, v. 6, article 122, doi: 10.3389/feart.2018.00122 .2015 Volcanic activity in Alaska - Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory, 2017
Dixon, J.P., Cameron, C.E., Iezzi, A.M., and Wallace, Kristi, 2017, 2015 Volcanic activity in Alaska-Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017-5104, 61 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175104.Magmatic degassing, lava dome extrusion, and explosions from Mount Cleveland volcano, Alaska, 2011-2015: Insights into the continuous nature of volcanic activity over multi-year timescales, 2017
Werner, Cynthia, Kern, Christoph, Coppola, Diego, Lyons, J.J., Kelly, P.J., Wallace, K.L., Schneider, D.J., and Wessels, R.L., 2017, Magmatic degassing, lava dome extrusion, and explosions from Mount Cleveland volcano, Alaska, 2011-2015: Insights into the continuous nature of volcanic activity over multi-year timescales: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 13 p. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.03.001Radiocarbon Age of Soil Organic Matter Fractions Buried by Tephra in Alaska, 2017
Cherkinsky, A., and Wallace, K., 2017, Radiocarbon Age of Soil Organic Matter Fractions Buried by Tephra in Alaska: Radiocarbon, v. 59, n. 2, p. 465-472.The 2014 eruptions of Pavlof Volcano, Alaska, 2017
Waythomas, C.F., Haney, M.M., Wallace, K.L., Cameron, C.E., and Schneider, D.J., 2017, The 2014 eruptions of Pavlof Volcano, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2017-5129, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20175129.Late Pleistocene and Holocene tephrostratigraphy of interior Alaska and Yukon: Key beds and chronologies over the past 30,000 years, 2016
Davies, L. J., Jensen, B. J., Froese, D. G., and Wallace, K. L., 2016, Late Pleistocene and Holocene tephrostratigraphy of interior Alaska and Yukon: Key beds and chronologies over the past 30,000 years: Quaternary Science Reviews, v. 146, p. 28-53.'Is Ash Falling?', an online ashfall reporting tool in support of improved ashfall warnings and investigations of ashfall processes, 2015
Wallace, K., Snedigar, S., and Cameron, C., 2015, 'Is Ash Falling?', an online ashfall reporting tool in support of improved ashfall warnings and investigations of ashfall processes: Journal of Applied Volcanology, v. 4, n. 8, 10 p., doi:10.1186/s13617-014-0022-6
full-text PDF 2.9 MB Hail formation triggers rapid ash aggregation in volcanic plumes, 2015
Van Eaton, A.R., Mastin, L.G., Herzog, M., Schwaiger, H.F., Schneider, D.J., Wallace, K.L., and Clarke, A.B., 2015, Hail formation triggers rapid ash aggregation in volcanic plumes: Nature Communications, v. 6, n. 7860, 7 p., doi: 10.1038/ncomms8860 .Significance of a near-source tephra-stratigraphic sequence to the eruptive history of Hayes Volcano, south-central Alaska, 2014
Wallace, K.L., Coombs, M.L., Hayden, L.A., and Waythomas, C.F., 2014, Significance of a near-source tephra-stratigraphic sequence to the eruptive history of Hayes Volcano, south-central Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5133, 32 p., available online at: http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5133/
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excel files 1 MB Andesites of the 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska, 2013
Coombs, M.L., Sisson, T.W., Bleick, H.A., Henton, S.M., Nye, C.J., Payne, A.L., Cameron, C.E., Larsen, J.F., Wallace, K.L., and Bull, K.F., 2013, Andesites of the 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 259, p. 349-372, doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.01.002Character, mass, distribution, and origin of tephra-fall deposits from the 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska - Highlighting the significance of particle aggregation, 2013
Wallace, K.L., Schaefer, J.R., and Coombs, M.L., 2013, Character, mass, distribution, and origin of tephra-fall deposits from the 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska - Highlighting the significance of particle aggregation: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 259, p. 145-169, doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.09.015
full-text pdf 6.3 MB Early and late Holocene glacial fluctuations and tephrostratigraphy, Cabin Lake, Alaska, 2013
Zander, P.D., Kaufman, D.S., Kuehn, S.C., Wallace, K.L., and Anderson, R.S., 2013, Early and late Holocene glacial fluctuations and tephrostratigraphy, Cabin Lake, Alaska: Journal of Quaternary Science, v. 28, n. 8, p. 761-771, doi:10.1002/jqs.2671 .Injection, transport, and deposition of tephra during event 5 at Redoubt Volcano, 23 March, 2009, 2013
Mastin, L.G., Schwaiger, Hans, Schneider, D.J., Wallace, K.L., Schaefer, Janet, and Denlinger, R.P., 2013, Injection, transport, and deposition of tephra during event 5 at Redoubt Volcano, 23 March, 2009: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 259, p. 201-213, doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.04.025
full-text pdf 5.6 MB Ash fall contour map of the 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska: Digital shapefiles of contours and sample locations, 2012
Schaefer, J.R., and Wallace, K.L., 2012, Ash fall contour map of the 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska: Digital shapefiles of contours and sample locations: Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication 143, 1 DVD. Available free online at http://www.dggs.alaska.gov/pubs/id/23463 .The 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska, 2012
Schaefer, J.R., ed., 2012, The 2009 eruption of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska, with contributions by Bull, Katharine, Cameron, Cheryl, Coombs, Michelle, Diefenbach, Angie, Lopez, Taryn, McNutt, Steve, Neal, Christina, Payne, Allison, Power, John, Schneider, Dave, Scott, William, Snedigar, Seth, Thompson, Glenn, Wallace, Kristi, Waythomas, Chris, Webley, Peter, and Werner, Cynthia: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Report of Investigation 2011-5, 45 p., available at http://www.dggs.alaska.gov/pubs/id/23123.An improved proximal tephrochronology for Redoubt Volcano, Alaska, 2010
Schiff, C.J., Kaufman, D.S., Wallace, K.L., and Ketterer, M.E., 2010, An improved proximal tephrochronology of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska: Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, v. 193, no. 3/4, p. 203-214, doi: 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2010.03.015 .Aviation response to a widely dispersed volcanic ash and gas cloud from the August 2008 eruption of Kasatochi, Alaska, USA, 2010
Guffanti, Marianne, Schneider, D.J., Wallace, K.L., Hall, Tony, Bensimon, D.R., and Salinas, L.J., 2010, Aviation response to a widely dispersed volcanic ash and gas cloud from the August 2008 eruption of Kasatochi, Alaska, USA: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 115, n. D00L19, 9 p., doi:10.1029/2010JD013868 .Public outreach and communications of the Alaska Volcano Observatory during the 2005-2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, 2010
Adleman, J.N., Cameron, C.E., Snedigar, S.F., Neal, C.A., and Wallace, K.L., 2010, Public outreach and communications of the Alaska Volcano Observatory during the 2005-2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, chapter 27 of Power, J.A., Coombs, M.L., and Freymueller, J.T., eds., The 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1769, p. 631-644 [http://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1769/chapters/p1769_chapter27.pdf].Timing, distribution, and character of tephra fall from the 2005-2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, 2010
Wallace, K.L., Neal, C.A., and McGimsey, R.G., 2010, Timing, distribution, and character of tephra fall from the 2005-2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, chapter 9 of Power, J.A., Coombs, M.L., and Freymueller, J.T., eds., The 2006 eruption of Augustine Volcano, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1769, p. 187-217 and spreadsheet [http://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1769/chapters/p1769_chapter09].Modeled tephra ages from lake sediments, base of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska, 2008
Schiff, C.J., Kaufman, D.S., Wallace, K.L., Werner, A., Ku, T.L., and Brown, T.A., 2008, Modeled tephra ages from lake sediments, base of Redoubt Volcano, Alaska: Quaternary Geochronology, v. 3, p. 56-67.Preliminary bathymetric map of Mother Goose Lake, Alaska Peninsula, 2008
Schaefer, J.R., Wallace, K.L., and Kassel, C.M., 2008, Preliminary bathymetric map of Mother Goose Lake, Alaska Peninsula: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Raw Data File 2008-3, 1 disc, available at http://www.dggs.dnr.state.ak.us/pubs/id/16301 .Volcano-glacier interactions at Mount Veniaminof Volcano, a large ice-filled caldera on the Alaska Peninsula, 2007
Waythomas, Christopher, Miller, T.P., Welch, Brian, Calvert, A.T., Bacon, C.R., and Wallace, K.L., 2007, Volcano-glacier interactions at Mount Veniaminof, a large ice-filled caldera on the Alaska Peninsula [abs.]: Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America, v. 39, n. 4, p. 20.Alaska Volcano Observatory: outreach, education, and communication, one eruption at a time, 2006
Adleman, J.N., Snedigar, S., and Wallace, K., 2006, Alaska Volcano Observatory: outreach, education, and communication, one eruption at a time [abs.]: Geological Society of Americal Abstracts with Program, v. 38, n. 7, p. 516, available on the World Wide Web at http://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2006AM/finalprogram/abstract_113524.htmCommunicating ash-fall hazard to the public during eruptions: a proposed scheme to streamline ash-fall warning messages in the U.S. based on the recent activity at Augustine Volcano, Alaska, 2006
Neal, C., Wallace, K., Albanese, S., Fish, A., and Cahill, C., 2006, Communicating ash-fall hazard to the public during eruptions: a proposed scheme to streamline ash-fall warning messages in the U.S. based on the recent activity at Augustine Volcano, Alaska [abs.]: Eos, Joint Assembly Supplement, v. 87, abstract V33B-0659.Holocene tephrochronology from lake sediments, Redoubt Volcano, Alaska, 2006
Schiff, C.J., Kaufman, D.S., and Wallace, K.L., 2006, Holocene tephrochronology from lake sediments, Redoubt Volcano, Alaska [abs.]: Eos, Joint Assembly Supplement, v. 87, abstract V33B-0660.Size- and time-resolved composition of volcanic ash from Augustine Volcano, Alaska, 2006
Cahill, C.F., Cahill, T.A., Webley, P., Wallace, K.L., Dean, K.G., and Dehn, J., 2006, Size- and time-resolved composition of volcanic ash from Augustine Volcano, Alaska [abs.]: Eos, Joint Assembly Supplement, v. 87, abstract V22B-05.The reawakening of Alaska's Augustine Volcano, 2006
Power, J.A., Nye, C.J., Coombs, M.L., Wessels, R.L., Cervelli, P.F., Dehn, J., Wallace, K.L., Freymueller, J.T., and Doukas, M.P., 2006, The reawakening of Alaska's Augustine Volcano: Eos, v. 87, n. 37, p. 373, 377.Variations of glass composition at the start of the 2006 eruption, Augustine volcano, Alaska, 2006
Izbekov, Pavel, Wallace, Kristi, Larsen, Jessica, Nye, Chris, and Eichelberger, John, 2006, Variations of glass composition at the start of the 2006 eruption, Augustine volcano, Alaska [abs.]: Geological Society of America - Abstracts with Programs, v. 38, n. 5, p. 76-77.Preliminary results for interbasin correlation of tephra deposits in Lake Clark National Park, Alaska, 2005
Bowes, M.J., Heiser, P.A., Beget, James, and Wallace, Kristi, 2005, Preliminary results for interbasin correlation of tephra deposits in Lake Clark National Park, Alaska [abs.]: Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America, v. 37, n. 7, p. 38.Headless debris flows from Mount Spurr volcano, Alaska, 2004
McGimsey, R., Neal, C., Waythomas, C., Wessels, R., Coombs, M., Wallace, K., 2004, Headless debris flows from Mount Spurr Volcano, Alaska [abs.]: Transactions, American Geophysical Union, v. 85, n. 47, Abstract V43B-1430.Characterization and discrimination of Holocene tephra-fall deposits, Mount Spurr volcano, Alaska, 2003
Wallace, K. L., 2003, Characterization and discrimination of Holocene tephra-fall deposits, Mount Spurr volcano, Alaska: Northern Arizona University unpublished M.S. thesis, 169 p.
full-text pdf 256mb Flank collapse at Mount Wrangell, Alaska, recorded by volcanic mass-flow deposits in the Copper River lowland, 2002
Waythomas, C. F., and Wallace, K. L., 2002, Flank collapse at Mount Wrangell, Alaska, recorded by volcanic mass-flow deposits in the Copper River lowland: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 39, n. 8, p. 1257-1279.Fire and ice on the Alaska Peninsula stratigraphic records of pyroclastic eruptions and glaciation, Emmons Lake Caldera and vicinity, Southwestern Alaska, 2000
Waythomas, C. F., Miller, T. P., Mangan, M. T., Trusdell, F. A., and Wallace, K. L., 2000, Fire and ice on the Alaska Peninsula stratigraphic records of pyroclastic eruptions and glaciation, Emmons Lake Caldera and vicinity, Southwestern Alaska [abs.]: Eos, v. 81, n. 48, p. 1352-1353.Further investigation of geologic setting and characterization of a large volcanic debris avalanche deposit in the Copper River basin, Alaska, 2000
Wallace, K. L., and Waythomas, C. F., 2000, Further investigation of geologic setting and characterization of a large volcanic debris avalanche deposit in the Copper River basin, Alaska [abs.]: Eos, v. 81, n. 48, p. 1353.Historically active volcanoes in Alaska, a quick reference, 2000
Wallace, K. L., McGimsey, R. G., and Miller, T. P., 2000, Historically active volcanoes in Alaska, a quick reference: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet FS 0118-00, 2 p.
full-text PDF 162 KB 1997 volcanic activity in Alaska and Kamchatka: Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory, 1999
McGimsey, R. G., and Wallace, K. L., 1999, 1997 volcanic activity in Alaska and Kamchatka: Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-0448, 42 p.
full-text PDF 17 MB