Amukta

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Facts


  • Official Name: Amukta Island
  • Seismically Monitored: No
  • Color Code: UNASSIGNED
  • Alert Level: UNASSIGNED
  • Elevation: 1066m (3497ft)
  • Latitude: 52.49419
  • Longitude: -171.25476
  • Smithsonian VNum: 311190
  • Pronunciation:
  • Nearby Towns:
    • Nikolski 105 mi (168 km) NE
    • Atka 126 mi (203 km) SW
    • Unalaska 217 mi (350 km) NE
    • Adak 232 mi (373 km) SW
    • Akutan 253 mi (407 km) NE

    Distance from Anchorage: 999 mi (1608 km)

Description

From Miller and others (1998) [1] : "The undissected stratovolcano of Amukta volcano composes most of nearly circular, 7.7-km-wide Amukta Island. The cone, about 5.8 km in basal diameter and topped by a 0.4 km wide summit crater, appears on synthetic-aperture radar imagery to be built on a 300+ meter high, east-west trending arcuate ridge. Extensions of that ridge on the southwest and east sides of the island indicate an older caldera approximately 6 km in diameter and open to the sea on the south side. No hot springs or fumaroles have been reported from Amukta. Sekora (1973, p. 29) [2] reports the presence of a cinder cone near the northeastern shore of the island."

Name Origin

"Amukta volcano" is an informal name given to the peak on Amukta Island. The name Amukta (referring to the island) was reported in 1768 by Captain Lt. P.K. Krenitzin and Lt. M. Levashev (Orth, 1971).


References Cited

[1] Catalog of the historically active volcanoes of Alaska, 1998

Miller, T. P., McGimsey, R. G., Richter, D. H., Riehle, J. R., Nye, C. J., Yount, M. E., and Dumoulin, J. A., 1998, Catalog of the historically active volcanoes of Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-0582, 104 p.

[2] Aleutian Islands National Wildlife Refuge, Wilderness Study Report, 1973

Sekora, P., 1973, Aleutian Islands National Wildlife Refuge, Wilderness Study Report: U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife.

Reported Activity

Modern Eruptions

Amukta

Amukta Eruption Timeline

Grewingk (1850, translated 2003 by Fritz Jaensch) writes that Amukta was "with active volcano until this year [1770]." Becker (1898) and Dall (1870) translate this statement as 1770 being the year Amukta became quiet.

Amukta 1786/6

June 1786 — 1791

Grewingk (1850, translated 2003 by Fritz Jaensch) writes that Shelikov reported Amukta "all in flames" in June of 1786, and Sarychev reported it active in 1790. In Grewingk's chronological table of eruptions, he writes that Amukta was active from 1786 through 1791. The English translation of Sarychev is less clear: "On the morning of the 29th we passed the island Amuchta at a distance of 6 miles. It is about 27 miles in extent, and is said to have a volcano."
Shelikhov (translated in 1981 by Marina Ramsay) writes: "During this voyage [the return] we saw the Islands of the Four Mountains and Amukhta. Because of active volcanoes the latter seemed to be enveloped in flame."
Sapper (1927) estimates a tephra volume of 10^7 to 10^9 for this eruption; the Smithsonian Global Volcanism Database uses this estimate and, in turn, estimates a tephra volume of 5.1 +/- 5.0 x 10^8 cubic meters.

Coats (1950) reports smoke from Amukta in 1876. An article in the journal Nature (1879) reports Amukta in eruption in 1878, however. The Nature article states: "In the volcanic series of the Aleutian Islands, the volcanoes on Amukta, Tscheguluk, and the Vsevidok volcano (almost 2,800 m high) on Umnak were in eruption."

Amukta 1932/3

March 1, 1932

Newspaper accounts of a possible eruption at Amukta Volcano in 1932 are as follows:
From the Associated Press, March 1, 1932: "The crew of the motorship Eunice here [Dutch Harbor, AK] from the west, reported Amukta Island was throwing out a dense cloud of smoke and ashes over the water."
From the International News Service, March 1, 1932: "Spouting smoke and ashes for the first time in modern history of any of the present residents of Amukta Island volcano in the Aleutians group today went into action. Seismologists and geologists said it was the initial reuption of the volcano as far as they could ascertain."

Amukta 1963/2

February 13, 1963 — February 28, 1963

From Miller and others (1998): "On February 13, 1963 an eruption occurred involving the central crater and one or more parasitic vents; both ash and lava were produced (Anchorage Times, February 11, 1963; Decker, 1967). Persistent low clouds obscured the exact source of the lava, but the flow was seen to extend from the west side of the cone southwest into the sea at Traders Cove (Bulletin of Volcanic Eruptions, 1963 [Coats, R.R., 1963]."
The text of the Anchorage Times, February 11, 1963 article is as follows: "KODIAK - A volcano is erupting near Amukta Island on the Aleutian Chain, according to reports received at the Kodiak Naval Station.
"A Navy plane yesterday flew near the scene and crewmen reported a mountain billowing dark gray and black smoke about 500 feet in the air. Lava is flowing from the cone to the ocean 3,700 feet below. Mushroom-shaped steam clouds are rising where the lava enters the ocean.
"The volcano is erupting about every 15 mintues and was continuing its activity today, say latest reports.
"The volcanic cloud was first spotted from the Navy ship Mizar."
From volcano observations on file at UAF/GI: "Facts reported by pilot of U.S. Navy aircraft that observed and photographed Amukta island volcano on 19 February 1963:
'We arrived over Amukta Island at an altitude of 500 feet. The approach was made from the north end of the island. Huge billowing clouds of steam were rising from the volcano to an altitude of 800 feet. No lava was present on the north and east side of the island. We continued down the west side of the island and saw a stream of red flowing lava, approximately 20-30 wide [units not given], from the obscured area of the volcano at an approximate altitude of 2,000 feet, to the southwest area of the island, where it ended.
'Hot lava was present in the sea on the southwest corner of the island where many small columns of steam were rising. Numerous passes were made to the northwest and the southeast across the plateau on the southwest corner of the island. Photographs were taken. These pictures included those taken from a minimum of altitude of 200 feet to 9,000 feet. The high altitude shots were made from east due to sun location; partial cloud cover did not permit photography of all aspects of the island.
'Lava flow was to the west only in one large stream to the west from the crater, turning and flowing toward the water line on the southwest corner. The other three sides of the island appeared unaffected with only a light covering of dust visible. The billowing columns of steam and smoke coming from the crater were very white, turning grey to darker shades at intervals. Seals in large numbers still inhabited the entire west shoreline of the island.'"

Amukta 1984/7

July 12, 1984

From Reeder (1987): "Pilot Tom Madsen observed the emission of voluminous amounts of steam from the summit crater of Amukta volcano of Amukta Island during a return trip from Atka of Atka Island to Dutch Harbor of Unalaska Island. His observation was made at about 1600 local time on 12 July 1984. The steam plume completely filled the summit crater, rose to a 1,100 m altitude just above the volcano, and drifted to the SW for at least 4 km at a lower altitude. Tom Madsen has flown in the Aleutian Islands since 1980 and he has only observed occasional wisps of white steam from this crater before. This steam activity was considered by Tom to be very anomalous."

Amukta 1987/9

September 4, 1987

From Reeder (1990): "On 4 September 1987, flight engineer George Wooliver observed from his Reeve Aleutian Airways, Inc. Boeing 727 a small eruption plume from the top of Amukta Island. The dark tephra plume rose at least 300 m above the volcano and then drifted to NW for up to 1 km. George could visually see the NW side of the volcano, while the rest of it was covered by low altitude clouds. George's observations were made from a 9,750 m altitude at a distance of unfortunately nearly 120 km to N. George has fortunately flown the Aleutian Islands since the 1950s, and he is well experienced at observing Aleutian volcanic eruptions.
Normally the only activity of Amukta volcano is the very minor amount of nearly continuous steam emission from several small vents that are located just inside of the Amukta summit crater and on the very floor of the Amukta summit crater. This information is based on observations made by Harold Wilson of Peninsula Airways Inc., who has flown in the region regularly between September 1983 and July 1987."
From Smithsonian Institution, 1987: "At about 1000 on 28 August pilots Charles Kozler, Wayne Russell, and George Wooliver (Reeve Aleutian Airways) reported an eruption plume reaching 10.5 km altitude in the vicinity of Amukta, drifting WNW. The FAA issued a NOTAM warning pilots to stay 25 miles [40 km] from Amukta Island. Heavy weather clouds covered Amukta Island so its activity could not be directly observed. Mt. Cleveland, 100 km ENE, was apparently active that same morning and winds were blowing in the direction of Amukta (see Mt. Cleveland 12:08). The origin of the large cloud remains both uncertain and controversial at the time of this report.
"On 4 September Wooliver observed a small dark ash plume rising at least 300 m above the summit of Amukta then drifting as much as 1 km NW. Only the NW flank was visible because of cloud cover. His observations were made from 9,750 m altitude from nearly 120 km N. Wooliver has flown in the Aleutian Islands since the 1950's and is experienced at observing eruptions.
" Amukta's last known eruptive activity was on 12 July 1984 (BVE, no. 24). Harold Wilson (Peninsula Airways) notes that normal activity * * * is continuous minor steam emission from several small vents just inside the summit crater rim."

Amukta 1996/7

July 1996 — September 1996

From Neal and McGimsey (1997): "In early July (date not recorded but it was during the first week), AVO received a fax from the USCG which included a ship-based observation in the vicinity of Seguam Island. Crew noted a 'large plume of ash and smoke * * * from Amukta.' They estimated the plume to be 2500-3000 feet high, presumably over the summit of the volcano. USFWS workers on Seguam were notified but reported seeing nothing unusual in the direction of Amukta. Satellite images from around the time of the report showed nothing of possible volcanic origin.
"On September 18, AVO received a pilot report of an eruption at Amukta. An Alaska Airlines pilot described an ash plume rising about 1000 feet above the 3500-foot summit of the volcano during flights on both the 17th and 18th. The plumes extended southward about 10 miles before dissipating. Satellite analysis on the 19th showed a narrow cloud that extended 22 mi south-southeast of Amukta, but this cloud contained no ash signature in bands 4-5.
"We later received Alaska State Trooper videotape -- visual and infrared (IR) from a flight on September 18th. It shows a brownish ash plume rising in intermittent dark puffs (estimated at 30 second intervals by the flight crew) about 500-1000 feet above the summit, then drifting south (?). The video captures fallout of ash in progress on the flank of the volcano. The ash cloud becomes fairly dilute rapidly as it drifts downwind. As the plane passes over the volcano, the active vent was visible a secondary crater against the inner wall of the main summit crater which appears to be formed by coalescence of several separate steep-walled pits. A fresh (?) tephra ring defines the active vent, and the main crater rim and upper flanks are covered with brownish tephra."

Amukta 1997/3

March 2, 1997

From McGimsey and Wallace (1999): "On March 3, 1997, Dutch Harbor air-taxi operator Tom Madsen reported seeing a small ash eruption at Amukta with the cloud barely clearing the top of the cone. No evidence of eruptive activity was detected from analysis of satellite images. The PIREP was included in AVO weekly updates of March 7 and 14. Absence of seismic instrumentation coupled with remoteness of the area requires AVO to rely mainly on PIREPs and satellite imagery for monitoring the volcanoes of the central and western Aleutians. No further information on Amukta was reported to AVO."

Amukta 1770

Amukta 1786/6

Amukta 1876

Amukta 1932/3

Amukta 1963/2

Amukta 1984/7

Amukta 1987/9

Amukta 1996/7

Amukta 1997/3

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9 Event Date(s)

Past Activity Legend:
Eruption
Questionable eruption
Non-eruptive activity


Showing 1 - 6 of 6

Map Images


Map References


Recently active volcanoes of Alaska, 2023

Cameron, C.E., Bull, K.F., and Macpherson, A.E., 2023, Recently active volcanoes of Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication 133 v. 6, 2 sheets. https://doi.org/10.14509/31086.

Historically active volcanoes of Alaska, v. 3, 2018

Cameron, C.E., Schaefer, J.R., and Mulliken, K.M., 2018, Historically active volcanoes of Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication 133 v. 3, 2 sheets. Http://doi.org/10.14509/30142

Historically active volcanoes of Alaska, 2014

Schaefer, J.R., Cameron, C.E., and Nye, C.J., 2014, Historically active volcanoes of Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication 133 v. 1.2, 1 sheet, scale 1:3,000,000. This publication has been superseded. Newest version available at http://www.dggs.alaska.gov/pubs/id/20181 .

Historically active volcanoes of the Aleutian Arc, 2002

Schaefer, Janet, and Nye, C. J., 2002, Historically active volcanoes of the Aleutian Arc: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication MP 0123, unpaged, 1 sheet, scale 1:3,000,000. Superceded by Miscellaneous Publication 133: http://www.dggs.dnr.state.ak.us/pubs/pubs?reqtype=citation&ID=20181

Volcanoes of Alaska, 1998

Nye, C. J., Queen, Katherine, and McCarthy, A. M., 1998, Volcanoes of Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Information Circular IC 0038, unpaged, 1 sheet, scale 1:4,000,000, available at http://www.dggs.dnr.state.ak.us/pubs/pubs?reqtype=citation&ID=7043 .
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC shelf

Volcanoes of Alaska, 1995

Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 1995, Volcanoes of Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Information Circular IC 0038, unpaged, 1 sheet, scale 1:4,000,000.

Aleutian arc volcanoes, 1994

Nye, C. J., 1994, Aleutian arc volcanoes: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Public-Data File PDF 94-54, unpaged, 1 sheet, scale 1:2,126,841.

Geothermal resources of the Aleutian Arc, 1993

Motyka, R. J., Liss, S. A., Nye, C. J., and Moorman, M. A., 1993, Geothermal resources of the Aleutian Arc: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Professional Report PR 0114, 17 p., 4 sheets, scale 1:1,000,000.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC shelf

Holocene volcanoes of the Aleutian Arc, Alaska, 1993

March, G. D., 1993, Holocene volcanoes of the Aleutian Arc, Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Public-Data File PDF 93-85, unpaged, 1 sheet, scale 1:2,000,000.

Map showing distribution, composition, and age of Late Cenozoic volcanic centers in Alaska, 1986

Luedke, R. G., and Smith, R. L., 1986, Map showing distribution, composition, and age of Late Cenozoic volcanic centers in Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map I 1091-F, unpaged, 3 sheets, scale 1:1,000,000.

Volcanic activity in the Aleutian Arc, 1950

Coats, R. R., 1950, Volcanic activity in the Aleutian Arc: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 0974-B, p. 35-49, 1 sheet, scale 1:5,000,000.
plate 1 PDF 819 KB
full-text PDF 783 KB
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC shelf

Reconnaissance of the gold fields of southern Alaska with some notes on general geology, 1898

Becker, G. F., 1898, Reconnaissance of the gold fields of southern Alaska with some notes on general geology: U.S. Geological Survey Annual Report 0018, p. 1-86, 6 sheets, scale unknown.
full-text PDF 1.5 MB
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

References

Deformation mapping and modeling of the Aleutian volcanoes with InSAR and numerical models, 2024

Wang, J., 2024, Deformation mapping and modeling of the Aleutian volcanoes with InSAR and numerical models: University Park, Tex., Southern Methodist University, Ph.D. dissertation, 143 p.
Full-text PDF 8.4 MB

Recently active volcanoes of Alaska, 2023

Cameron, C.E., Bull, K.F., and Macpherson, A.E., 2023, Recently active volcanoes of Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication 133 v. 6, 2 sheets. https://doi.org/10.14509/31086.

Along-arc volcanism in the western and central Aleutian from 2015 to 2021 revealed by cloud-based InSAR processing, 2023

Wang, J., Lu, Z., Bekaert, D., Marshak, C., Govorcin, M., Sangha, S., Kennedy, J., and Gregg, P., 2023, Along-arc volcanism in the western and central Aleutian from 2015 to 2021 revealed by cloud-based InSAR processing: Geophysical Research Letters v. 50, no. 23, e2023GL106323. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL106323
Full-text PDF 3.9 MB

Alaska interagency operating plan for volcanic ash episodes, 2022

Alaska Volcano Observatory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Weather Service, Federal Aviation Administration, Department of Defense, United States Coast Guard, Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Management, Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation, and Alaska Department of Health and Social Services (participating agencies), 2022, Alaska interagency operating plan for volcanic ash episodes, 85 p.

Geologic database of information on volcanoes in Alaska (GeoDIVA), 2022

Cameron, C.E., Crass, S.W., and AVO Staff, eds, 2022, Geologic database of information on volcanoes in Alaska (GeoDIVA): Alaska Division of Geologic and Geophysical Surveys Digital Data Series 20, https://doi.org/10.14509/geodiva, https://doi.org/10.14509/30901.

Quantifying eruptive and background seismicity, deformation, degassing, and thermal emissions at volcanoes in the United States during 1978-2020, 2021

Reath, K., Pritchard, M.E., Roman, D.C., Lopez, T., Carn, S., Fischer, T.P., Lu, Z., Poland, M.P., Vaughan, R.G., Wessels, R., Wike, L.L., and Tran, H.K., 2021, Quantifying eruptive and background seismicity, deformation, degassing, and thermal emissions at volcanoes in the United States during 1978-2020: Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, v. 126, e2021JB021684, doi: 10.1029/2021JB021684.

Historically active volcanoes of Alaska, v. 4, 2020

Cameron, C.E., Schaefer, J.R., and Ekberg, P.G., 2020, Historically active volcanoes of Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication 133 v. 4, 2 sheets. Http://doi.org/10.14509/30426

The Alaska Volcano Observatory: 30 years of protecting Alaskans from the effects of volcanic activity (1988-2018), 2018

Mulliken, K.M., 2018, The Alaska Volcano Observatory: 30 years of protecting Alaskans from the effects of volcanic activity (1988-2018): Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Information Circular 67, 2 p. http://doi.org/10.14509/30032

2018 update to the U.S. Geological Survey national volcanic threat assessment, 2018

Ewert, J.W., Diefenbach, A.K., and Ramsey, D.W., 2018, 2018 update to the U.S. Geological Survey national volcanic threat assessment: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2018-5140, 40 p., https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2018/5140/sir20185140.pdf.

Historically active volcanoes of Alaska, v. 3, 2018

Cameron, C.E., Schaefer, J.R., and Mulliken, K.M., 2018, Historically active volcanoes of Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication 133 v. 3, 2 sheets. Http://doi.org/10.14509/30142

Historically active volcanoes of Alaska, 2016

Cameron, C.E., and Schaefer, J.R., 2016, Historically active volcanoes of Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication 133 v. 2, 1 sheet, scale 1:3,000,000. http://doi.org/10.14509/20181

Alaska Volcano Observatory image database, 2016

Cameron, C.E., and Snedigar, S.F., 2016, Alaska Volcano Observatory image database: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Digital Data Series 13, https://www.avo.alaska.edu/images/. https://doi.org/10.14509/29689.

Historically active volcanoes of Alaska, 2014

Schaefer, J.R., Cameron, C.E., and Nye, C.J., 2014, Historically active volcanoes of Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication 133 v. 1.2, 1 sheet, scale 1:3,000,000. This publication has been superseded. Newest version available at http://www.dggs.alaska.gov/pubs/id/20181 .

Preliminary database of Quaternary vents in Alaska, 2014

Cameron, C.E., and Nye, C.J., 2014, Preliminary database of Quaternary vents in Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication 153, 11 p., doi:10.14509/27357 .

InSAR imaging of Aleutian volcanoes, 2014

Lu, Zhong, and Dzurisin, Daniel, 2014, InSAR imaging of Aleutian volcanoes: Chichester, UK, Springer-Praxis, 390 p.

Chronology and references of volcanic eruptions and selected unrest in the United States, 1980-2008, 2009

Diefenbach, A.K., Guffanti, Marianne, and Ewert, J.W., 2009, Chronology and references of volcanic eruptions and selected unrest in the United States, 1980-2008: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1118, 85 p., available at http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1118/ .

Preliminary spreadsheet of eruption source parameters for volcanoes of the world, 2009

Mastin, L.G., Guffanti, Marianne, Ewert, J.E., and Spiegel, Jessica, 2009, Preliminary spreadsheet of eruption source parameters for volcanoes of the world: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2009-1133, v. 1.2, 25 p., available at http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2009/1133/ .

Historically active volcanoes of Alaska reference deck, 2009

Snedigar, S.F., and Cameron, C.C., 2009, Historically active volcanoes of Alaska reference deck: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Information Circular 59, 52 p, available to order from http://www.dggs.dnr.state.ak.us/pubs/pubs?reqtype=citation&ID=20401 .

The Alaska Volcano Observatory - 20 years of volcano research, monitoring, and eruption response, 2008

Schaefer, J.R., and Nye, Chris, 2008, The Alaska Volcano Observatory - 20 years of volcano research, monitoring, and eruption response: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, Alaska GeoSurvey News, NL 2008-001, v. 11, n. 1, p. 1-9, available at http://wwwdggs.dnr.state.ak.us/pubs/pubs?reqtype=citation&ID=16061 .

System for ranking relative threats of U.S. volcanoes, 2007

Ewert, John, 2007, System for ranking relative threats of U.S. volcanoes: Natural Hazards Review, v. 8, n. 4, p. 112-124.

Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1 through December 31, 2005, 2006

Dixon, J.P., Stihler, S.D., Power, J.A., Tytgat, Guy, Estes, Steve, and McNutt, S.R., 2006, Catalog of earthquake hypocenters at Alaskan volcanoes: January 1 through December 31, 2005: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1264, 78 p., available at http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2006/1264/ .

The National Volcano Early Warning System (NVEWS), 2006

Ewert, John, Guffanti, Marianne, Cervelli, Peter, and Quick, James, 2006, The National Volcano Early Warning System (NVEWS): U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet FS 2006-3142, 2 p., available at http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2006/3142 .

An assessment of volcanic threat and monitoring capabilities in the United States: framework for a National Volcano Early Warning System NVEWS, 2005

Ewert, J.W., Guffanti, Marianne, and Murray, T.L., 2005, An assessment of volcanic threat and monitoring capabilities in the United States: framework for a National Volcano Early Warning System NVEWS: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2005-1164, 62 p.
full-text PDF 2.90 MB

Volcanoes of the world: an illustrated catalog of Holocene volcanoes and their eruptions, 2003

Siebert, L., and Simkin, T., 2002-, Volcanoes of the world: an illustrated catalog of Holocene volcanoes and their eruptions: Smithsonian Institution, Global Volcanism Program Digital Information Series GVP-3, http://volcano.si.edu/search_volcano.cfm, unpaged internet resource.

Bibliography of information on Alaska volcanoes, 2003

Cameron, C. E., Triplehorn, J. H., and Robar, C. L., 2003, Bibliography of information on Alaska volcanoes: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication MP 131, 1 CD-ROM.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Along-strike variation in the Aleutian Island Arc: Genesis of high Mg# andesite and implications for continental crust, 2003

Kelemen, P.B., Yogodzinski, G.M., and Scholl, D.M., 2003, Along-strike variation in the Aleutian Island Arc: Genesis of high Mg# andesite and implications for continental crust, in Eiler, J., ed., Inside the Subduction Factory: AGU Monograph 138, p. 223-276.

Historically active volcanoes of the Aleutian Arc, 2002

Schaefer, Janet, and Nye, C. J., 2002, Historically active volcanoes of the Aleutian Arc: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Miscellaneous Publication MP 0123, unpaged, 1 sheet, scale 1:3,000,000. Superceded by Miscellaneous Publication 133: http://www.dggs.dnr.state.ak.us/pubs/pubs?reqtype=citation&ID=20181

Historically active volcanoes in Alaska, a quick reference, 2000

Wallace, K. L., McGimsey, R. G., and Miller, T. P., 2000, Historically active volcanoes in Alaska, a quick reference: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet FS 0118-00, 2 p.
full-text PDF 162 KB
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Encyclopedia of volcanoes, 2000

Sigurdsson, Haraldur, (ed.), 2000, Encyclopedia of volcanoes: San Diego, CA, Academic Press, 1417 p.

1997 volcanic activity in Alaska and Kamchatka: Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory, 1999

McGimsey, R. G., and Wallace, K. L., 1999, 1997 volcanic activity in Alaska and Kamchatka: Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-0448, 42 p.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Volcanoes of Alaska, 1998

Nye, C. J., Queen, Katherine, and McCarthy, A. M., 1998, Volcanoes of Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Information Circular IC 0038, unpaged, 1 sheet, scale 1:4,000,000, available at http://www.dggs.dnr.state.ak.us/pubs/pubs?reqtype=citation&ID=7043 .
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC shelf

Catalog of the historically active volcanoes of Alaska, 1998

Miller, T. P., McGimsey, R. G., Richter, D. H., Riehle, J. R., Nye, C. J., Yount, M. E., and Dumoulin, J. A., 1998, Catalog of the historically active volcanoes of Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-0582, 104 p.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC shelf

1996 volcanic activity in Alaska and Kamchatka: Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory, 1997

Neal, Christina, and McGimsey, R. G., 1997, 1996 volcanic activity in Alaska and Kamchatka: Summary of events and response of the Alaska Volcano Observatory: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-0433, 34 p.
full-text PDF 795 KB
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Amukta, 1997

Smithsonian Institution, 1997, Amukta: Global Volcanism Network Bulletin v. 22, n. 09, unpaged.

January-April 1997, 1997

Alaska Volcano Observatory, 1997, January-April 1997: Alaska Volcano Observatory Bimonthly Report, v. 9, n. 1 and 2, 51 p.
Part 1 PDF 252 KB
Part 2 PDF 2.8 MB
Part 3 PDF 649 KB

Amukta, 1996

Smithsonian Institution, 1996, Amukta: Global Volcanism Network Bulletin v. 21, n. 09, unpaged.

Quick reference to Alaska's active volcanoes and listing of historical eruptions, 1760-1994, 1995

McGimsey, R. G., and Miller, T. P., 1995, Quick reference to Alaska's active volcanoes and listing of historical eruptions, 1760-1994: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-0520, 13 p.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Volcanoes of Alaska, 1995

Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 1995, Volcanoes of Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Information Circular IC 0038, unpaged, 1 sheet, scale 1:4,000,000.

Aleutian magmas in space and time, 1994

Kay, S. M., and Kay, R. W., 1994, Aleutian magmas in space and time: in Plafker, George and Berg, H. C., (eds.), The Geology of Alaska, Geological Society of America The Geology of North America series v. G-1, p. 687-722.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Volcanoes of the world [2nd edition], 1994

Simkin, Tom, and Siebert, Lee, 1994, Volcanoes of the world [2nd edition]: Tucson, Arizona, Geoscience Press, 349 p.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC shelf

The geology, geochemistry and petrology of the recent magmatic phase of the central and western Aleutian Arc, 1994

Myers, J. D., 1994, The geology, geochemistry and petrology of the recent magmatic phase of the central and western Aleutian Arc: unpublished manuscript unpaged.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC shelf

Age, character, and significance of Aleutian arc volcanism, 1994

Fournelle, J. H., Marsh, B. D., and Myers, J. D., 1994, Age, character, and significance of Aleutian arc volcanism: in Plafker, George and Berg, H. C., (eds.), The Geology of Alaska, Geological Society of America The Geology of North America Series v. G-1, p. 723-758.

Aleutian arc volcanoes, 1994

Nye, C. J., 1994, Aleutian arc volcanoes: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Public-Data File PDF 94-54, unpaged, 1 sheet, scale 1:2,126,841.

Aleut dictionary, Unangam Tunudgusii, an unabridged lexicon of the Aleutian, Pribilof, and Commander Islands Aleut language, 1994

Bergsland, Knut, comp., 1994, Aleut dictionary, Unangam Tunudgusii, an unabridged lexicon of the Aleutian, Pribilof, and Commander Islands Aleut language: University of Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska Native Language Center, 739 p.

Geothermal resources of the Aleutian Arc, 1993

Motyka, R. J., Liss, S. A., Nye, C. J., and Moorman, M. A., 1993, Geothermal resources of the Aleutian Arc: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Professional Report PR 0114, 17 p., 4 sheets, scale 1:1,000,000.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC shelf

Holocene volcanoes of the Aleutian Arc, Alaska, 1993

March, G. D., 1993, Holocene volcanoes of the Aleutian Arc, Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Public-Data File PDF 93-85, unpaged, 1 sheet, scale 1:2,000,000.

Volcanoes of North America: United States and Canada, 1990

Wood, C. A., and Kienle, Juergen, (eds.), 1990, Volcanoes of North America: United States and Canada: New York, Cambridge University Press, 354 p.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC shelf

Amukta, 1990

Reeder, J. W., 1990, Amukta: in Annual report of the world volcanic eruptions in 1987, Bulletin of Volcanic Eruptions, v. 27, p. 40.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Amukta, 1987

Smithsonian Institution, 1987, Amukta: Scientific Event Alert Network Bulletin v. 12, n. 08, unpaged.

Amukta, 1987

Reeder, J. W., 1987, Amukta: in Annual report of the world volcanic eruptions in 1984, Bulletin of Volcanic Eruptions, v. 24, p. 36-38.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Map showing distribution, composition, and age of Late Cenozoic volcanic centers in Alaska, 1986

Luedke, R. G., and Smith, R. L., 1986, Map showing distribution, composition, and age of Late Cenozoic volcanic centers in Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map I 1091-F, unpaged, 3 sheets, scale 1:1,000,000.

Isotopic studies of continental and marine sediments and igneous rocks of the Aleutian Island Arc, 1986

Goldstein, S.L., 1986, Isotopic studies of continental and marine sediments and igneous rocks of the Aleutian Island Arc: Columbia University Ph.D. dissertation, 357 p.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

The Aleutians, 1982

Marsh, B. D., 1982, The Aleutians: in Thorpe, R. S., (ed.), Andesites: orogenic andesites and related rocks, Chichester, United Kingdom, John Wiley & Sons, p. 99-114.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Volcanoes of the world, 1981

Simkin, Tom, Siebert, Lee, McClelland, Lindsay, Bridge, David, Newhall, Christopher, and Latter, J. H., 1981, Volcanoes of the world: Stroudsburg, PA, Hutchinson Publishing Company, 233 p.

A voyage to America, 1783-1786 (translated by Marina Ramsay), 1981

Shelikhov, G. I., 1981, A voyage to America, 1783-1786 (translated by Marina Ramsay): Pierce, R. A., (ed.), Kingston, Ontario, The Limestone Press, 161 p.

Comprehensive tables giving physical data and thermal energy estimates for young igneous systems of the United States, 1978

Smith, R. L., Shaw, H. R., Luedke, R. G., and Russell, S. L., 1978, Comprehensive tables giving physical data and thermal energy estimates for young igneous systems of the United States: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 78-0925, p. 1-25.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC shelf

Account of a voyage of discovery to the north-east of Siberia, the frozen ocean, and the north-east sea, 1969

Sarychev, G.A., translated from Russian in 1806 and 1807, republished 1969, Account of a voyage of discovery to the north-east of Siberia, the frozen ocean, and the north-east sea: New York, Da Capo Press, 110 p.

Notes on the islands of the Unalashka district; and, Notes on the Atkhan Aleuts and the Kolosh [translated from Russian by Richard Henry Geogheghan], 1968

Veniaminov, Ivan, 1968, Notes on the islands of the Unalashka district; and, Notes on the Atkhan Aleuts and the Kolosh [translated from Russian by Richard Henry Geogheghan]: Martin, Fredericka, (ed.), Unpublished manuscript, Fairbanks, AK, 944 p.

Investigations at active volcanoes, 1967

Decker, R. W., 1967, Investigations at active volcanoes: Adams, L. H. and Schairer, J. F., (eds.), Eos, v. 48, n. 2, p. 639-647.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Aleutian Islands and Alaska, 1963

Coats, R. R., 1963, Aleutian Islands and Alaska: Bulletin of Volcanic Eruptions, v. 3, p. 3.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Alaska Peninsula-Aleutian Islands, 1958

Powers, H. A., 1958, Alaska Peninsula-Aleutian Islands: in Williams, H., (ed.), Landscapes of Alaska, Los Angeles, CA, University of California Press, p. 61-75.

Volcano observations, 1954

Unknown, 1954, Volcano observations: Unpublished volcano observation sheets filled out by U.S. military and stored on file at the Geophyiscal Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, unpaged.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Volcanic activity in the Aleutian Arc, 1950

Coats, R. R., 1950, Volcanic activity in the Aleutian Arc: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 0974-B, p. 35-49, 1 sheet, scale 1:5,000,000.
plate 1 PDF 819 KB
full-text PDF 783 KB
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United States coast pilot, Alaska Part 2, Yakutat Bay to Arctic Ocean, 1947

U.S. Department of Commerce, and Coast and Geodetic Survey, 1947, United States coast pilot, Alaska Part 2, Yakutat Bay to Arctic Ocean: Washington DC, United States Government Printing Office, 659 p.

Volcano erupts, 1932

Associated Press, 1932, Volcano erupts: Reno Evening Gazette, Reno, NV, March 1, 1932, p. 1.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Aleutian volcano erupts first time in modern history, 1932

International News Service, 1932, Aleutian volcano erupts first time in modern history: The Daily Courier, Connellsville, PA, March 1, 1932, p. 1.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Reported volcanic eruptions in Alaska, Puget Sound, etc., 1690-1896, 1898

Plummer, F. G., 1898, Reported volcanic eruptions in Alaska, Puget Sound, etc., 1690-1896: in Holden, E. S., (ed.), A Catalogue of Earthquakes on the Pacific Coast 1769-1897, Smithsonian Institution Miscellaneous Collections 1087, City of Washington D.C., Smithsonian Institution, p. 24-27.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Reconnaissance of the gold fields of southern Alaska with some notes on general geology, 1898

Becker, G. F., 1898, Reconnaissance of the gold fields of southern Alaska with some notes on general geology: U.S. Geological Survey Annual Report 0018, p. 1-86, 6 sheets, scale unknown.
full-text PDF 1.5 MB
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The volcanic region of Alaska, 1884

Petroff, Ivan, 1884, The volcanic region of Alaska: in Population, Industries, and Resources of Alaska, Washington DC, Government Printing Office, p. 93-96.
full-text PDF 10.9 MB
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Volcanic phenomena and earthquakes during 1878, 1879

Unknown, 1879, Volcanic phenomena and earthquakes during 1878: Nature, v. 20, p. 378-379.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Alaska and its resources, 1870

Dall, W. H., 1870, Alaska and its resources: Boston, Lee and Shepard, 627 p.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Documents sur les tremblements de terre et les phenomenes volcaniques des iles Aleutiennes, de la peninsule d'Aljaska et de la cote no. d'Amerique, Extrait des memoires de l'Academie des sciences, arts et belles-lettres de Dijon, 1865, 1866

Perrey, Alexis, 1866, Documents sur les tremblements de terre et les phenomenes volcaniques des iles Aleutiennes, de la peninsule d'Aljaska et de la cote no. d'Amerique, Extrait des memoires de l'Academie des sciences, arts et belles-lettres de Dijon, 1865: Dijon, J.E. Rabutut, 131 p.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Grewingk's geology of Alaska and the Northwest Coast of America [edited by Marvin W. Falk, translation by Fritz Jaensch published 2003], 1850

Grewingk, Constantine, 1850, Grewingk's geology of Alaska and the Northwest Coast of America [edited by Marvin W. Falk, translation by Fritz Jaensch published 2003]: Rasmuson Library Historical Translation Series 11, Fairbanks, AK, The University of Alaska Press, 242 p.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC shelf

Notes on the islands of the Unalashka district [Zapiski ob ostravakh Unalashkinskogo otdela], 1840

Veniaminov, I., 1840, Notes on the islands of the Unalashka district [Zapiski ob ostravakh Unalashkinskogo otdela]: v. 1-3, St. Petersburg, Russiisko-Amerikanskoi Kompanii, unknown.

Notes on the islands of the Unalaska district [translated from Russian by Lydia T. Black and R.H. Geoghegan in 1984], 1840

Veniaminov, Ivan, 1840, Notes on the islands of the Unalaska district [translated from Russian by Lydia T. Black and R.H. Geoghegan in 1984]: Pierce, R. A., (ed.), Kingston, Ontario, Limestone Press, 511 p.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

The Russian discoveries between Asia and America (republished by University Microfilms, 1966), 1787

Coxe, William, 1787, The Russian discoveries between Asia and America (republished by University Microfilms, 1966): Ann Arbor, Michigan, University Microfilms, 344 p.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet

Past volcanic activity in the Aleutian arc,

Coats, R. R., Past volcanic activity in the Aleutian arc: U.S. Geological Survey Volcano Investigations Report 1, 18 p.
full-text PDF 22.3 MB
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Volcano observations,

Kienle, Juergen (comp.), Volcano observations: Notes about volcanoes and volcanic eruptions collected, made, and stored by Juergen Kienle, on file at University of Alaska Fairbanks, Geophysical Institute, unpublished, unpaged.