Makushin 1818/8
Start: August 1818 [1]
Event Type: Explosive
Description: Veniaminov (1840, translated in 1984 by Lydia Black and R. H. Geoghegan) wrote about Makushin: "No one remembers [this mountain] ever emitting flame, but from time to time it produces subterranean thunders, as has happened in August 1818. At that time, the mountain thundered so strongly that a slight [earth] tremor was perceived and those living at Unalaska [settlement] believed that the nearby island of Amaxnax was breaking apart."
Grewingk (1850, translated 2003 by Fritz Jaensch) writes that Langsdorff and Krusenstern also report Makushin to have erupted strongly with flames in 1818. However, Grewingk (1850, translated 2003 by Fritz Jaensch) adds a footnote stating that this report "is an error. It was probably meant to mean, 'in smoke.' Characteristic of the Makushin Volcano is that it does not erupt in flames, this according to all other reports, including Cook's (from 1778)."
Grewingk (1850, translated 2003 by Fritz Jaensch) writes that Langsdorff and Krusenstern also report Makushin to have erupted strongly with flames in 1818. However, Grewingk (1850, translated 2003 by Fritz Jaensch) adds a footnote stating that this report "is an error. It was probably meant to mean, 'in smoke.' Characteristic of the Makushin Volcano is that it does not erupt in flames, this according to all other reports, including Cook's (from 1778)."
References Cited
[1] Notes on the islands of the Unalaska district [translated from Russian by Lydia T. Black and R.H. Geoghegan in 1984], 1840
Veniaminov, Ivan, 1840, Notes on the islands of the Unalaska district [translated from Russian by Lydia T. Black and R.H. Geoghegan in 1984]: Pierce, R. A., (ed.), Kingston, Ontario, Limestone Press, 511 p.[2] Grewingk's geology of Alaska and the Northwest Coast of America [edited by Marvin W. Falk, translation by Fritz Jaensch published 2003], 1850
Grewingk, Constantine, 1850, Grewingk's geology of Alaska and the Northwest Coast of America [edited by Marvin W. Falk, translation by Fritz Jaensch published 2003]: Rasmuson Library Historical Translation Series 11, Fairbanks, AK, The University of Alaska Press, 242 p.[3] Preliminary volcano-hazard assessment for Makushin Volcano, Alaska, 2000
Beget, J. E., Nye, C. J., and Bean, K. W., 2000, Preliminary volcano-hazard assessment for Makushin Volcano, Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Report of Investigation 2000-4, 22 p., 1 sheet, scale 1:100,000.
full-text PDF .87 MB
map sheet plate 7.68 MB [4] Volcanic activity in the Aleutian Arc, 1950
Coats, R. R., 1950, Volcanic activity in the Aleutian Arc: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 0974-B, p. 35-49, 1 sheet, scale 1:5,000,000.
plate 1 PDF 819 KB
full-text PDF 783 KB Complete Eruption References
Volcanic activity in the Aleutian Arc, 1950
Coats, R. R., 1950, Volcanic activity in the Aleutian Arc: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 0974-B, p. 35-49, 1 sheet, scale 1:5,000,000.
plate 1 PDF 819 KB
full-text PDF 783 KB 
Volcanoes of the world [2nd edition], 1994
Simkin, Tom, and Siebert, Lee, 1994, Volcanoes of the world [2nd edition]: Tucson, Arizona, Geoscience Press, 349 p.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC shelf
Grewingk's geology of Alaska and the Northwest Coast of America [edited by Marvin W. Falk, translation by Fritz Jaensch published 2003], 1850
Grewingk, Constantine, 1850, Grewingk's geology of Alaska and the Northwest Coast of America [edited by Marvin W. Falk, translation by Fritz Jaensch published 2003]: Rasmuson Library Historical Translation Series 11, Fairbanks, AK, The University of Alaska Press, 242 p.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC shelf
Notes on the islands of the Unalaska district [translated from Russian by Lydia T. Black and R.H. Geoghegan in 1984], 1840
Veniaminov, Ivan, 1840, Notes on the islands of the Unalaska district [translated from Russian by Lydia T. Black and R.H. Geoghegan in 1984]: Pierce, R. A., (ed.), Kingston, Ontario, Limestone Press, 511 p.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet
Preliminary volcano-hazard assessment for Makushin Volcano, Alaska, 2000
Beget, J. E., Nye, C. J., and Bean, K. W., 2000, Preliminary volcano-hazard assessment for Makushin Volcano, Alaska: Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys Report of Investigation 2000-4, 22 p., 1 sheet, scale 1:100,000.
full-text PDF .87 MB
map sheet plate 7.68 MB 
The journals of Captain James Cook on his voyages of Discovery III. The voyage of the Resolution and Discovery 1776-1778, 1967
Beaglehole, J. C., 1967, The journals of Captain James Cook on his voyages of Discovery III. The voyage of the Resolution and Discovery 1776-1778: Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 361 p.
A voyage around the world 1803-1807 (two volumes in one, translated by Victoria Joan Moessner, 1993), 1812
Langsdorff, G. H., 1812, A voyage around the world 1803-1807 (two volumes in one, translated by Victoria Joan Moessner, 1993): Pierce, R. A., (ed.), Kingston, Ontario, Limestone Press, 281 p.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC file cabinet