Espenberg Whitefish Maar
Start: 200000 yBP [1]
Stop: 100000 yBP [1]
Event Type: Explosive
Description: From Hopkins (1988): "The youngest and most spectacular volcanic features in the Devil Mountain-Cape Espenberg area consist of a group of five maars (shallow, broad, low-rimmed explosion craters formed by eruptions rich in steam)."
From Beget and others (1996): "Whitefish Maar lies 15 km west of the Devil Mountain Maar, is 4.3 km in diameter, and covers 15 km2, although the lake basin has been partly filled by alluvium and other sediments since the eruption. Exposures through proximal hydromagmatic deposits are rare at the older maars, but isolated exposures exist in stream gullies at each older maar, and in each case the absence of paleosols, nonvolcanic sediment, or other stratigraphic breaks suggests each of these maars formed as the result of complex but monogenetic eruptive events."
"...Whitefish Maar may be 100-200,000 years old (Hopkins, 1988; Beget and others, 1991)."
From Beget and others (1996): "Whitefish Maar lies 15 km west of the Devil Mountain Maar, is 4.3 km in diameter, and covers 15 km2, although the lake basin has been partly filled by alluvium and other sediments since the eruption. Exposures through proximal hydromagmatic deposits are rare at the older maars, but isolated exposures exist in stream gullies at each older maar, and in each case the absence of paleosols, nonvolcanic sediment, or other stratigraphic breaks suggests each of these maars formed as the result of complex but monogenetic eruptive events."
"...Whitefish Maar may be 100-200,000 years old (Hopkins, 1988; Beget and others, 1991)."
References Cited
[1] The largest known maars on earth, Seward Peninsula, northwest Alaska, 1996
Beget, J. E., Hopkins, D. M., and Charron, S. D., 1996, The largest known maars on earth, Seward Peninsula, northwest Alaska: Arctic, v. 49, n. 1, Calgary, AB, Canada, Arctic Institute of North America, p. 62-69.[2] The Espenberg Maars: a record of explosive volcanic activity in the Devil Mountain-Cape Espenberg area, Seward Peninsula, Alaska, 1988
Hopkins, D. M., 1988, The Espenberg Maars: a record of explosive volcanic activity in the Devil Mountain-Cape Espenberg area, Seward Peninsula, Alaska: in Schaaf, J. M., (ed.), The Bering Sea Land Bridge National Preserve: an archeological survey, National Park Service, Alaska Regional Office Resources Management Report AR 0014, v. 1, p. 262-321.[3] Volcanoes of North America: United States and Canada, 1990
Wood, C. A., and Kienle, Juergen, (eds.), 1990, Volcanoes of North America: United States and Canada: New York, Cambridge University Press, 354 p.Complete Eruption References
The largest known maars on earth, Seward Peninsula, northwest Alaska, 1996
Beget, J. E., Hopkins, D. M., and Charron, S. D., 1996, The largest known maars on earth, Seward Peninsula, northwest Alaska: Arctic, v. 49, n. 1, Calgary, AB, Canada, Arctic Institute of North America, p. 62-69.
Volcanoes of North America: United States and Canada, 1990
Wood, C. A., and Kienle, Juergen, (eds.), 1990, Volcanoes of North America: United States and Canada: New York, Cambridge University Press, 354 p.
Hard Copy held by AVO at FBKS - CEC shelf
The Espenberg Maars: a record of explosive volcanic activity in the Devil Mountain-Cape Espenberg area, Seward Peninsula, Alaska, 1988
Hopkins, D. M., 1988, The Espenberg Maars: a record of explosive volcanic activity in the Devil Mountain-Cape Espenberg area, Seward Peninsula, Alaska: in Schaaf, J. M., (ed.), The Bering Sea Land Bridge National Preserve: an archeological survey, National Park Service, Alaska Regional Office Resources Management Report AR 0014, v. 1, p. 262-321.
